Urban Justice And Human Development

City is the product of human practice and the symbol of human civilization.So far,more than half of the world's people live in cities,as do China.It can be said that the contemporary society has entered the urban society,and the city has become an unavoidable fact.Its development is closely related to the fate of human beings.Under the condition of global economic integration and modernity.Due to the influences of many different factors,The urban crisis is gradually deepening,and the phenomenon of injustice is prominent,such as environmental pollution,resource waste,traffic congestion,infectious diseases,violent terrorist events,the widening gap between the rich and the poor,urban space development imbalance,citizens' short of rurban rights and so on.Although China is a socialist country,we yet apply the socialist market economy system,under the background of economic globalization,China's urban space production is still affected by the capital logic,there are many problems in the development process.The unbalanced and uncoordinated contradiction of urban development is more prominent,and there are some othere problems,such as partial over nutrition,partial malnutrition and stunting and so on.Up to now,city has not become the poetic residence of people,but ill seriously.Every coin has two sides,city is not only a synonym of convenient,quick,comfortable,magnificent and modern things,but also a gathering place of congestion,darkness,violence,disease,filth and indifference,and become a heaven for the rich and a hell for the poor,a mixture of justice and injustice.In face of this situation,some people say that since there are so many disadvantages in the city,we should go to live in the countryside.In this situation,it is more free for individuals to choose to live in rural areas or cities,but it impossible for citizes or the whole people in a country.In fact,there are lots of problems either in city or countryside.So we should try to face them rationally and solve them.Therefore,in order to treat and prevent all kinds of “urban diseases”,eliminating all kinds of unjust phenomena,meet people's needs for a better life,and realize people's free and comprehensive development,we need to establish a correct concept of urban development,promote the healthy development of the city,and finally realize urban justice.Although the issue of urban development and urban justice is very importance to the city and the citizens,there are few academic works to study them in the same way for a long time.This paper holds that urban development and urban justice are closely related: Urban justice is the value demand of urban development and the value standard to judge whether urban development is reasonable or not;urban development is the external representation of urban justice and the material basis to realize urban justice;urban justice and urban development complement each other and are dialectically unified.The reason why they have such a high degree of correlation is that they have the same subject which is human.The fundamental purpose of urban justice and urban development is to realize the free and all-round development of human beings.Therefore,for the study of urban justice and human development,this paper takes the realization of human free and comprehensive development as a main line throughout the whole paper,and selects the appropriate angle to study combining the characteristics of justice and urban nature.Justice has the characteristics of human nature,space and time;city is the settlement of people in a certain time and space.Therefore,this paper studies the issue of urban justice from three aspcts,which are urban development,human free and all-round development time and human.The paper holds that a just city is based on People-oriented,a city in which all people have urban rights and equal opportunities to survive and develop,which requires us to break the closed and fortress types of privileged space and realize the inclusive development of the city.So we should develop urban productivity vigorously,to short the necessary labor time,increase the free time and realize the sustainable development of the city;Adhere to the concept of people-oriented subject justice,bring people's innovative ability into full play,and then realize the integrity development of city.Only under the guidance of the trinity justice concept of space justice,time justice and subject justice,the city can realize the overall development which including in inclusive development,sustainable development and integrity development,providing the value guidance and material guarantee to meet the growing needs of citizens for a better,realizing the free and comprehensive development of people.city is a huge and complex system,studying the issues of city only from one perspective is one-sided,so the paper based on the Marxist philosophy,using the ideological resources of urban architecture,urban sociology,urban planning,ethics,urban politics and other related disciplines for reference,combing the origin and development history of the city,and surveying the essence and main functions of the city;the paper based on the Marxist space theory,analying the dialectical relationship between the space justice and urban inclusive development,explained the importance of realizing space justice for urban rights and citizen's free and comprehensive development;through analying and Researching of the time alienation phenomenon in capitalist society,explaining the realization of human beings,The free and all-round development of the city must liberate people from the enslavement of time,giving them sufficient time and freedom;time justice is also an important condition for realizing the city's sustainable development;The main body of a city is people,the fundamental purpose to realize urban space justice or time justice are to meet people's needs and realize people's free and all-round development.Therefore,urban construction should adhere to the concept of “people-oriented” main justice,to realize innovative development of a city and create conditions for the realization of people's free and all-round development.Finally,On the basis of rational analyse the current urban construction and the unjust problems faced in the establishment,Finally,the paper puts forward the main countermeasures to solve the problems of urban injustice in contemporary China.In addition to the introduction,this paper includes five parts.The first part mainly investigates and combs the origin and development history of the city,explains the main functions of the city and the connotation of urban justice.The second part mainly analyzes and explains the value demand of urban inclusive development-urban space justice.The city is the main place for people to live.The justice of urban space is directly related to the realization of urban rights and the free and all-round development of people.Through the study of the phenomenon of modern urban space injustice,the paper aims to find the main way to realize the inclusive development of the city,and create conditions for the realization of urban space justice and the free and comprehensive development of human beings.The third part mainly studies and analyzes the basic conditions of realizing human's free and all-round development and urban sustainable development-time justice.As a kind of temporal existence,human existence and development are closely related to time;time justice is directly related to urban justice and human development.Through the study of time justice in modern cities,it is proposed that the realization of time justice is the main way to realize human liberation,and it is also the basic condition of sustainable development of cities.The fourth part explains the significance and value of the concept of urban“people-oriented”subject justice for the realization of urban creative development.Through the reaserching and analysis of the development process of Chinese traditional “human-centered thought”and Western humanism,the paper mainly analyse the Marx's human-oriented concept of subject justice.By setting out the embodiment of humanistic spirit in urban construction,the paper aims to illustrate the significance of the concept of “people-oriented”subject justice for the integrity development of cities.In the fifth part,on the basis of analyzing the “being” of urban construction in contemporary China,analysing and judging the“ought to be”of the city's development.and then,the paper analyzes and clarifies the basic principles and practical paths to realize the socialist urban justice with Chinese characteristics.In fact,the study of urban justice is the study of human development justice in the city.The realization of human free and all-round development is the value goal of urban construction.The realization of urban justice aims to liberate human from the slavery of time and space,and provide theoretical reference for the realization of human free and all-round development,and the same to modernization of urban governance system and capacity.Through combing the existing literature,we can see that there are many academic achievements about to urban justice from the perspective of space,but few view of time,so the paper attempts to study urban justice from the perspective of time,which is a relatively new field;In addition,through the analysis and research of urban space justice,time justice and subject justice,this paper believes that space justice is to achieve urban inclusive development,The value demands of exhibition;the time justice is the ethical requirements of realizing human's free and comprehensive development and urban sustainable development;the subject justice is the main driving force of realizing urban integrity development.Another innovation of this paper is to put forward the“Trinity”of space,time and subject.