| As rural revitalization promotes the rapid development of tourism in ethnic villages,tourism has made a significant contribution to improving the production and living environment of farmers and enhancing the overall welfare of farmers.However,the growth of tourism economy has also brought about price increases,changes in the natural environment,and more social relations.Complicated issues.Solve the problems of community conflicts caused by tourism development,meet the basic life needs of community members,improve the quality of life of community residents,create a good community environment,cultivate and enhance the sense of belonging and identity of community residents,and realize tourism in the development of ethnic rural tourism The joint construction and sharing of welfare for all residents in local communities,and continuous improvement of the sharing capacity and level of community welfare have become the current tasks and important goals of ethnic villages in the transformation of community management mode and community construction and development.Farmers’ perception of welfare and improvement measures brought about by local tourism development are not only related to the tourism development prospects of ethnic minority areas,but also the key to improving people’s livelihood and revitalizing the countryside.Therefore,urgent reality requires the development of Ethnic Village tourism to make strategic adjustments,pay more attention to people’s needs,and promote community tourism empowerment and improve residents’ welfare perceptions have become the fundamental goal of sustainable development of Ethnic Village tourism in the future.The report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated that "improving people’s livelihood and well-being is the fundamental goal of development." The happiness that tourism brings to community residents is the ultimate destination of development,and to realize the vision of a better life is to continuously improve the happiness of community residents.This dissertation takes two major ethnic minority villages in Guizhou as sampling points,and conducts field observations,interviews and questionnaire surveys on ethnic minority villages’ tourism empowerment and community welfare perception.The author tries to find out the relationship between the four dimensions of tourism empowerment(economic empowerment,social empowerment,political empowerment,and psychological empowerment)and the welfare perception of community residents through empirical research,because the welfare perception of community residents is the sustainable development of tourism An important measure of Through the intermediary of community participation and the adjustment of social capital,to achieve the purpose of community tourism empowerment,thereby improving the welfare perception and ability of community residents is the core problem to be solved in this research.On the basis of empirical research,combined with the connotation of the sustainable development of tourism in ethnic villages,we pay more attention to the welfare needs of community residents in tourist destinations,and try to find a sustainable development path for ethnic folklore tourism in villages,in order to make some suggestions for the development of Ethnic Village tourism in China.This dissertation follows the research ideas of discovering problems,analyzing problems,and proposing countermeasures.Based on empirical research,the following conclusions are mainly formed.(1)Community empowerment is an important way to improve the effectiveness of ethnic village communities’ participation in tourism development practice,an important prerequisite for the sustainable development of ethnic village tourism,and an effective way to promote rural revitalization strategy.Taking three ethnic minority tourism villages in Guizhou Province as examples,this paper makes an empirical study on the current situation of community participation and residents’ welfare in the tourism development of ethnic villages,and proposes to explore ways to improve the effectiveness of community participation and residents’ welfare by increasing the power from four different levels,including economy,psychology,society and politics.This not only theoretically enriches the research content and field of community empowerment in ethnic villages,but also provides theoretical reference and decision-making basis for rational development of ethnic villages,and has important practical significance for promoting sustainable development of tourism in ethnic villages.Economic empowerment,psychological empowerment,social empowerment and political empowerment together determine the operation process and evolution direction of the complex system of residents’ welfare in ethnic tourism villages.(2)Community participation plays a mediating role in the relationship between community empowerment and residents’ welfare,and improving community participation can indirectly promote residents’ welfare perception.The main purpose of community participation is to seek greater economic benefits and community participation is the main factor to ensure sustainable development of tourism.By means of community participation,villagers can participate in the decision-making of tourism management and enjoy the right to distribute the fruits of tourism development.As the main body of rural tourism,community residents pay attention to the effectiveness of participation behavior.Therefore,in addition to expressing interest demands,communities should participate in the decision-making of tourism development through participation.In ethnic village tourism destinations that highlight local characteristics,only through full community participation can the villagers share the benefits of tourism economic development fairly and reasonably.Through effective community participation,it is beneficial to help the tourism development of ethnic villages achieve fairness and justice,indirectly improve the people’s sense of gain,and improve the residents’ perception of welfare.(3)Social capital plays a partially moderating role in the relationship between community empowerment and residents’ welfare,and improving social capital can indirectly promote residents’ welfare perception to a certain extent.The higher the social capital of the ethnic village,the higher the community trust of the villagers,the stronger the willingness of the villagers to cooperate,and the easier it is to achieve collective action.In the relationship between community empowerment and residents’ welfare,with the improvement of social capital,the quality of life and sense of belonging of villagers are strengthened,and the community well-being is improved accordingly.However,in the context of political empowerment,because it is difficult to achieve equal political empowerment,the trust relationship of villagers has no obvious effect on empowerment and welfare.By embedding community trust and value vision into the development of community tourism in ethnic villages,the perception of welfare and life satisfaction can be promoted by enhancing social capital.Community members improve their living conditions through internal mobilization and mobilization of internal and external resources.The social trust among villagers enables the function of social capital to be realized,which is conducive to forming the value vision of community residents,creating a good and harmonious social atmosphere,and improving the villagers’ perception of welfare and happiness.The main theoretical contributions and possible innovations of this dissertation are as follows:From the perspective of research,this research combines tourism empowerment and social capital theory to construct the influence mechanism system of community residents’ welfare.From the perspective of community participation and social capital,it explores the internal influence of tourism empowerment on residents’ welfare.In previous studies,most of them were from the perspective of sociology,each focusing on community participation,community empowerment,and residents’ income status in specific case areas.Few of them comprehensively studied the relationship between these variables.The research integrates the relationship of various variables,makes up for the deficiencies in existing research,and broadens the research field of community tourism.Moreover,this research provides empirical support for related research in the field of tourism through the combination of qualitative and quantitative.In terms of research content,(1)reveals the mediating role of community participation.The introduction of community participation as an intermediary variable into the mechanism of tourism empowerment affecting the welfare of community residents explains the "black box" problem of tourism empowerment affecting residents’ welfare.Use community participation to connect tourism empowerment and residents’ welfare,and describe how tourism empowerment affects the welfare of community residents through community participation.In the relationship between social empowerment and residents’ welfare,community participation has a completely mediating effect.In other paths,community participation has a partial intermediary effect,that is,the three dimensions of political empowerment,economic empowerment,and psychological empowerment can not only directly have a significant impact on the welfare of residents,but also can have a significant impact on the welfare of residents through community participation.Indirect effects.(2)Demonstrated the significant role of social capital in regulating the welfare relationship of community residents in tourism empowerment.The two-dimensional variable trust relationship and value vision of social capital have different regulatory effects in different paths.First,the role of trust relationship in the two paths of political empowerment-community participation and political empowerment-residents’ welfare is not significant.Value vision plays a significant moderating role in both paths;secondly,the moderating role of trust relationship in the two paths of psychological empowerment—community participation and psychological empowerment—resident welfare is not significant.Value vision plays a significant moderating role in both paths;again,the two variables of social capital have significant moderating effects in the two paths of social empowerment—community participation and social empowerment—resident welfare;in addition;,The role of trust relationship in the economic empowerment-community participation path is significant,and the value vision plays a significant role in the economic empowerment-resident welfare path.In terms of research methods,(1)a set of localized scales of the impact mechanism system on the welfare of residents in tourism communities have been constructed.The measurement items in this study all refer to the maturity scale of autocorrelation literature.However,due to the obvious differences between Western concepts and my country,the Western institutional environment is also quite different from my country.Therefore,regarding the measurement of tourism empowerment and social capital,this study appropriately increases and decreases the scale items and modifies the description method to make it more in line with the Chinese context.And through empirical research,the model fitting effect is better,and the scale can be localized to verify,thus forming the scale of the tourism community residents’ welfare impact mechanism system,which provides a model for future related research;(2)This study successively uses the interview method,Questionnaire survey method,etc.to carry out empirical research,comprehensive qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis,and finally arrive at a scientific and reasonable hypothesis test result,which will provide methodological references for future research on Ethnic Village tourism community empowerment and residents’ welfare. |
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