Research On The Fairness,Efficiency And Sustainable Development Of Occupational Pensions In China's Governments And Institutions

In the 2018 report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it was clearly stated that "in accordance with the requirements of the bottom line,the woven network,and the construction mechanism,a multi-level social security system covering all the people,urban and rural planning,clear powers and responsibilities,and appropriate protection and sustainability will be fully established." Fair and sustainable has become the concept of China's social security development in the new era.What is the concept that a professional annuity should follow as a supplementary pension system for government agencies and institutions?This is the starting point of the occupational annuity and the first problem to be solved.The concept is the forerunner of social security practice.The transformation of China's social security concept fully illustrates the significance of the concept.China's occupational annuity has both the generality of the social security system and the particularity of the second pillar.Based on the principles of fairness,efficiency and sustainable development,and following the principles of adaptability,innovation and development,we have constructed the concept of "fairness,efficiency and sustainability" of China's occupational annuity.In the concept of occupational annuity in China,fairness and efficiency are unified,and the two are unified in the sustainability of the system.Based on the definition of occupational annuity fairness,efficiency and sustainability,the author analyzes the framework of the three,and measures and evaluates the fairness,efficiency and sustainability of occupational annuity.China's occupational annuity exists in the system and between the system is unfair,and the system needs further improvement in terms of liquidity,portability and incentives.The sustainability of the system faces the risks of longevity and the lack of compensation for "middle person".There is also a large amount of conversion to the national financial burden,which forms the financial burden of the country.The conversion to a capitalized form will have a certain impact on the sustainability of the system.To further optimize the occupational pensions it is necessary to enhance fairness,highlight efficiency,and enhance sustainability.In terms of enhancing fairness,it is necessary to solve the problem of group equity within and outside the organization,to effectively compensate the "middle person",to reduce the gender difference in the occupational annuity,to deal with the problem of improving the cost of intergenerational fairness,and to improve the efficiency.The transfer and connection method will improve the liquidity,design a reasonable tax-optimized policy to enhance the incentives,establish a national unified information platform to improve the service level;in terms of improving sustainability,it is necessary to objectively understand the rational amortization method of the conversion design and optimize the annuity.Ways to innovate annuity products,and gradually extend the retirement age.In the process of solving the above problems,this paper makes the following innovations:First,the concept is the perspective of occupational pensions research.From the perspective of the new sight of the concept of the analysis of China's occupational pensions,through the construction of a "fair,efficient,sustainable" practice analysis framework,objective evaluation of the system.Second,the "historical retrospective method" was proposed to compensate the"middle person".The question of whether the occupational pensions "middle people"should be compensated has basically reached a consensus.The controversial issue is the compensation method.The author proposes that the "historical retrospective method" compensates the "middle person" of the occupational pensions,and calculates the conversion cost of the "middle person" based on the actual wage data from 1981 to 2014.Third,measure the national financial burden of the occupational pensions.On the basis of analyzing the conversion of occupational pensions,the national financial burden of proposing occupational pensions is mainly reflected in the amortization of the conversion of“old people" and "middle people" and the unit payment of "middle people" and "new people".And based on the assumptions of relevant parameters,the financial burden is predicted.