Research On The Spatial Configuration Of Urban Parks In Shenzhen Based On The Supply And Demand Of Leisure Physical Activities

A static lifestyle easily leads to chronic diseases,which has become the primary issue of public health.Leisure physical activity(LPA)can effectively prevent and control the incidence of chronic diseases.Urban parks are the first place for outdoor leisure and physical activities,and it is an important space for improving public health.First of all,the paper cites the three elements of behavior change theory,namely,tendency factors,contributing factors,and strengthening factors.It is an attempt to establish a supply-demand relationship model between LPA and space configuration of parks(SCP);The theory of demand hierarchy is quoted,and the restriction demand and driving demand of leisure physical activities are clarified;The theory of environmental capacity is quoted,and the balance path of capacity supply-demand for LPA and SCP is established;The theory of environmental cognition is quoted,and the path of supply-demand balance between the driving forces of LPA and SCP is established.Secondly,the paper analyzes and deconstructs the demand for LPA and the supply of SCP respectively.Finally,the paper explained the supply-demand balance mechanism of LPA and SCP from the capacity level and the driving force level.Thus constructed the theoretical framework of the balance mechanism of supply-demand for LPA and SCP.The data of parks spatial characteristics and LPA characteristics,are the basis for constructing a LPA & SCP supply-demand model.It takes 16 urban parks(4country parks,6 comprehensive parks,and 6 community parks),and the public space within a 1km buffer zone around urban parks in Shenzhen as the research scope.It acquires and processes spatial data of urban parks such as POI data,VGI data,taxi data,shared bicycle data and other urban parks by network collection and self-developed PPGIS mobile terminal;It obtains LPA characteristic data(individual characteristics,time characteristics,spatial characteristics and activity characteristics)and environmental perception data by the combination of PPGIS mobile terminal and field survey.At the capacity level,the paper is based on the theoretical framework of "parks promote leisure and physical activity",and constructs a capacity supply-demand model from the two dimensions of LPA demand and SCP supply.It quantitatively analyzed the demand capacity of LPA and the supply capacity of SCP(space service supply capacity and space carrying supply capacity).Subsequently,the study tested the model with urban parks in Shenzhen as an example,and verified the practicability of the model.At the driving force level,the paper is based on the theoretical framework of "parks promote leisure and physical activity",and constructs a supply-demand model of driving forces from the two dimensions of LPA demand and SCP supply.The paper extracted the driving force factors based on the obtained multi-source data,and calculated their respective weights,and established a demand driving force evaluation model;Based on the extracted driving factors,the paper evaluates the provision of SCP.Subsequently,the study tested the model with urban parks in Shenzhen as an example,and verified the practicability of the model.The paper conducted a comparative analysis for the capacity and driving force supply-demand model of LPA and SCP.It found that there is a contradiction between supply-demand,such as blind spots in the service area and overload of park spacet,at the capacity level;there is a contradiction between supply-demand,such as poor environmental perception satisfaction,unbalanced accessibility allocation,multi-dimensional barriers to connectivity,and land function containment activities,at the driving force level.It aimed at the contradiction between supply and demand.At the capacity level,the study puts forward the classification based on the service blind zone type and the adjustment based on the activity space bearing;At the driving force level,it proposes the improvement based on multi-dimensional environment perception,the accessibility based on scale matching,the connectivity based on transportation organization and the adaptation based on land function combination.Accordingly,the study has achieved the balance between supply and demand of LPA and SCP at the level of capacity and driving force,thereby promoting the goal of residents participating in LPA.