Research On The Optimization Model Of Purchase And Sale Of Electricity Retailers Considering Demand Response

In March 2015,the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued several opinions on further deepening the reform of the power system(ZF[2015]No.9),proposing that the establishment of electricity sales business and the establishment of electricity sales companies become a hot spot of social capital investment.The number of electricity sales companies and the forms of participating in market transactions are increasing.At present,China's electricity sales companies are still in the initial stage of development,and the development model is still in the exploratory stage.In deregulated electricity market,electricity retailers purchase electricity from power producers or large power grid through contract or spot trading,and then sell it to end users.In addition,as the main link between the user side and the power side,the main operating income of the electricity retailers is determined by the difference between the purchase price and the sale price.In addition to the difference of purchase and sale price,in recent years,the technology of smart grid is becoming more and more mature.Demand response guides the end users to optimize their electricity consumption behavior through flexible electricity price policy,which brings demand response benefits to users and promotes the optimal operation of supply side.For electricity retailers,if they are equipped with energy storage equipment,they can use the charging and discharging characteristics of energy storage equipment to participate in the demand response of the power purchase side,so as to reduce the cost of power purchase.As the implementer of demand response,we can consider how to implement demand response to distribute users' electricity reasonably to increase their own revenue.Therefore,this paper takes the energy storage electricity seller as the research object,and studies how to formulate the optimal electricity purchase and sale transaction strategy considering that electricity purchase and sale is the bilateral demand response.The main research contents are as follows:(1)This paper analyzes the development status,policy and operation model of China's electricity selling companies.Collect and sort out the current situation of electricity selling companies in different provinces of China,analyzing the market environment of electricity selling companies from the market trading system(spot market,medium and long term market),and analyzing the problems and challenges faced by electricity selling companies.Then,from the perspective of macro policies,detailed rules of measures and pilot regional policies,this paper combs out the relevant policies for the development and enjoyment of China's electricity selling companies,and analyzes the main types and characteristics of electricity selling companies;through analyzing the different types'business models of electricity selling companies,it clarifies the transaction models of electricity selling companies participating in the electricity purchase and sale market,which provides a policy for the development of optimized strategies for electricity purchase and sale transactions of electricity selling companies.(2)This paper puts forward an analysis.odel of influencing factors in the electricity purchase' and sale' whole process.First of all,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the electricity purchase' and sale' whole process transaction of electricity retailers,including several dimensions such as electricity purchase transaction,electricity sale transaction and external environment,defining the way of electricity purchase and sale in the process of electricity sale transaction,identifies the influencing factors of the whole process of electricity purchase and sale transaction from five dimensions according to the way of electricity purchase and sale and key business,and determines the influencing factors by using analytic hierarchy process and information entropy Weight and sort,screening out the key influencing factors.(3)An optimization model of green electricity purchase transaction for electricity retailers considering demand response is established.First of all,taking the energy storage type electricity retailers as the research subject,this paper analyzes the operation model,transaction strategy and mathematical model of participating in price type demand response of the energy storage type electricity retailers;further,considering the uncertainty of clean energy power generation and demand response comprehensively,taking the minimization of energy purchase cost and the maximization of clean energy consumption as the objective function,this paper constructs the energy storage type electricity retailers's purchase clearance.Finally,in order to solve the proposed model,the three-stage model algorithm of "scenario analysis stochastic opportunity planning constraints multi-objective function processing" is used to solve the problem,and the optimal purchase strategy of green power for electricity retailers considering demand response is proposed.(4)This paper constructs an optimal model of electricity retailers' flexible combination considering the multiple types of users' demand response.Firstly,based on the model of demand response and the characteristics of users' electricity consumption,the demand response strategies of industrial users,commercial users,residential users and agricultural users are proposed.Secondly.the paper analyzes the differentiation strategy of price demand response and incentive demand response,and establishes the optimal peak valley time-sharing price and incentive compensation price.finally,based on the load uncertainty,it analyzes the flexible combination of electricity retailers'strategy ideas,and establishes the flexible combination of electricity retailers optimization model.The case study shows that the demand response mechanism of multiple types of users can enrich the strategy of selling electricity.The seller should distribute all kinds of users' electricity through flexible combination,so as to maximize its own benefits.(5)This paper proposes an optimization model for the linkage transaction of purchase and sale of electricity retailers considering demand response.First of all,it analyzes the development background and the operation model of the energy storage electricity seller,and establishes the strategy of the electricity retailers to implement the demand response on the power purchase side and the demand response side.Then,combined with the two processes of electricity purchase and sale,a two-level collaborative optimization model of electricity purchase and sale is established.In the upper model,the minimum cost of electricity purchase is taken as the objective function,and the combined optimization model of electricity purchase is constructed.In the lower model,the maximum profit of electricity sale is taken as the objective function,and the optimization model of electricity distribution is constructed.In order to solve the two-level optimization model,this paper uses KKT condition equations to transform the lower level model into KKT condition equations of the upper level model through Lagrangian function,and then it is used to establish the optimization strategy of electricity purchase and sale linkage transactions of electricity sellers,so as to provide support for the optimal operation of electricity sellers.(6)The pricing and transaction decision-making optimization model of the electricity selling company's electricity right option contract is constructed.First of all,this paper constructs the electricity sale company's the pricing model of the option contract of the electricity use right,comparing the electricity use right's compensation contract of the user,and optimizes the option fee and the determined price of the option contract of the electricity use right of the user based on the compensation price of the compensation contract under the premise of ensuring that the intention of the electricity use right of the user remains unchanged or increases.secondly,this paper constructs the decision-making model of the option contract's transaction of the electricity use right,combining with the use of the transaction process of the power option contract optimizes the selling strategy of the user's power use right and the purchasing strategy of the selling company's power use right.The results show that,compared with the power compensation contract,the power option contract can significantly improve the ability of sale companies to avoid the risk of power price fluctuation in the spot market,and improve the profitability of sale companies.