Research On Power Retailers’ Multistep Electricity Price And Power Purchase And Sale Decisions In Clean Energy Surplus Periods

In the process of my country’s energy transition,clean energy has ushered in great development.However,due to the randomness and volatility of its output,it has caused certain phenomena of abandoning water,wind,and light,which has brought about the safe and economic operation of the power system.Here comes a huge challenge.Clean electricity energy comes from nature’s precipitation,wind and sunlight,showing certain seasonal and time-to-period fluctuation characteristics.In extreme cases,the high water period and the strong wind period are superimposed,and hydropower output and wind power output peak at the same time.The power system relies only on thermal power unit regulation and is often stretched.Only water,wind,and light can only be discarded,forming a period of clean energy surplus.With the development of power market reform,power retailers,as agents of many power users with flexible resources,can integrate these large and scattered adjustable loads,and guide users through formulating reasonable price incentives.Increase the response power,so as to use the demand side to solve the energy consumption problem of excess power generation resources during the surplus period of clean energy.Therefore,studying the incentive pricing mechanism and purchase and sale strategies of electricity retailers during clean energy surplus periods can not only use the spread between purchase and sale prices to maximize their own profits,but also effectively promote clean energy surplus electricity.It is of great theoretical value and practical significance to resolve the problem of oversupply of power generation resources in a period of time.First,this article introduces the reasons for the surplus period of clean energy from two aspects:the contradiction of power supply structure and the contradiction between supply and demand.A certain province in southern my country as an example,it analyzes the time distribution of clean energy surplus period through actual power structure,power generation data and load data..Furthermore,according to the role and nature of the electricity retailer in the electricity market,a demand response-based electricity retailer operating model in the surplus period of clean energy is proposed,and its electricity purchase and sales business model and demand response business development model are described.Provide a theoretical basis for follow-up research.Secondly,regarding the purchase and sale of electricity by electricity retailers during the surplus period of clean energy,the source-load double uncertainties in the medium and long-term electricity market and the day-a-day special electricity purchase and sale process are analyzed first,and the uncertainties are eliminated through a multi-scenario analysis method.Factors such as surplus electricity from clean energy,the price of electricity cleared in the previous day,and the actual electricity consumption of users constitute different electricity purchase and sales scenarios,and the hierarchical clustering algorithm is used to obtain typical electricity purchase scenarios.Next,the objective function is to maximize the profit expectation of electricity retailers from purchasing and selling electricity,taking into account the electricity retailer’s electricity purchase costs,deviation assessment costs,electricity sales revenue,and electricity purchase and sales risks,and establish the electricity retailer’s mid-to long-term market-day-ahead special session The risk decision model of electricity purchase and sale.Then,taking into account the marginal cost variation characteristics of power users participating in demand response,based on the non-linear pricing theory,a stepped incentive pricing model for power retailers to sell electricity in the day-ahead market is designed.The maximum is the objective function,considering the constraints of incentive compatibility and personal rationality in the mechanism design,a step-wise incentive pricing decision model for power retailers in the surplus period of clean energy is established to realize the optimal purchase and sale strategy of power retailers.Studies have shown that the use of step-wise price incentives to encourage users to participate in demand response by electricity retailers can fully invoke user demand response enthusiasm more than not providing any demand response incentives and using constant price incentives.In the surplus period of clean energy,electricity retailers use a stepped price incentive mechanism to optimize their own purchase and sale strategies in the medium and long-term-day-ahead market to control the level of risk and obtain considerable profits.At the same time,the incentive demand response carried out by the electricity retailer can also absorb the clean energy surplus electricity in the system,achieving a win-win situation for the power generator,the electricity retailer and the demand response user.