Optimal Models Of Electricity Deviation Penalty Of Power For Retailers Under Electricity Market Environment

In recent years,China’s economic growth has gradually slowed down,and the energy situation has been becoming increasingly severe.Energy reform is imminent,and power system reform is the core of the energy reform.The official release of Zhongfa Document No.9 marked the beginning of a new round of electricity reform.The purpose of the document is to open up the electricity sales side to form a market structure where multiple electricity sales entities compete.As a new entity,electricity sales companies have become important participants in the power market.With the gradual development of the reform of the electricity sales side,the positioning of electricity sales companies in the market has determined that its basic operating model is to purchase electricity from generators directly or participate in electricity market transactions as an agent,so as to earn spread yield.However,market competition and the ever-changing market environment have put forward higher requirements on how electricity sales companies adjust their power purchase and sales strategies and operating models to ensure revenue.This paper takes the electricity sales company as the research obj ect,and analyzes how the electricity sales companies reduce the assessment penalty and increases the overall profit by means of demand response management,energy storage,and spot trading under the deviation power assessment mechanism.First of all,based on the background of the new electricity reform,this paper reviews the current situation of domestic and foreign research from three aspects:power purchase and sale strategies of electriciy sales companies,demand response,deviation assessment mechanism and its optimization.Therein,the factors affecting the selection of power purchase and sale strategies are analyzed,and based on a review of the development history and current status of the domestic electricity sales companies,the future development direction of electricity sales company’s business strategies and profit models is analyzed.Second,this paper studies the demand response management under the deviation assessment mechanism,summarizes the power demand response from the perspectives of development history,benefits and risks.Based on the monthly deviation assessment calculation model of the electricity sales company,demand response combination optimization models of the interruptible load management and the power balance management are constructed,and a optimization model with energy storage system participating.A case study is carried out and the comparison and sensitivity results show that the electricity sales company can reduce the deviation assessment cost through demand response management and the introduction of energy storage systems,thus improving the overall revenue,which provides a reference for the electricity salses companis to adjust their power purchase and sales strategies.Finally,this paper studies the optimization of short-term deviation assessment in the spot market,summarizes the development of the domestic spot market from policy advancement and spot trial analysis,proposes a short-term deviation assessment mechanism and builds a calculation model by analyzing the foreign market balance model,designes a daily deviation power warning mechanism and unit assessment cost algorithm,constructs an assessment cost optimization model that takes into account real-time electricity transactions and electricity transactions with energy storage power stations,and carries out a case study.The results of comparative analysis and sensitivity analysis verifies the economy and applicability of the proposed model,thus providing guidances for electricity sales companies to better respond to the spot market.