| With the rapid development of cities and the improvement of people’s living standards,the proportion of building energy consumption in China will gradually increase.In recent years,China has been adopting administrative measures to promote building energy conservation and emission reduction,and has achieved certain results,but administrative measures often focus on short-term benefits,and long-term sustainability is not strong,which can only achieve the effect of treating the symptoms and not the root cause.Market-oriented adjustment methods are more effective choices in energy saving and emission reduction policies.In the context of the construction of the carbon market trading system,the “building carbon emission trading” system established on the basis of the property rights theory and the Coase theorem is a response to climate change.It is an inevitable choice to change and realize the development of low-carbon buildings.Therefore,this thesis takes the construction of the construction carbon emission trading system as the starting point,discusses the emission reduction effect and the mechanism of the construction carbon emission trading,and conducts an empirical study on the impact of the current carbon trading on the construction industry,and finally gives the countermeasures and suggests.For this reason,this article firstly extracts relevant carbon emission trading theories based on property rights theory,externality theory and Coase’s theorem.Secondly,on the basis of systematically combing the literature,obtaining detailed and reliable research data by means of field research,expert interviews,questionnaire surveys,etc.,and using grounded theory to screen and identify the key influencing factors that affect the emission reduction effects of China’s building carbon emissions trading.Thirdly,the structural equation model is used to analyze the influence mechanism of market maturity,government intervention,market mechanism,and participants on the emission reduction effect of building carbon emission rights trading.Finally,based on the analysis of the mechanism of carbon emission rights trading and carbon tax on building carbon emission reduction behavior,the dynamic CGE model is used to simulate the impact of carbon trading policies on GDP,carbon emissions,social welfare and other factors.The main contributions are as follows:(1)Participants play a very critical role in the impact mechanism of the emission reduction effect of building carbon emission rights trading.Market maturity and government intervention play a certain role in influencing the emission reduction effect of building carbon emission rights trading.The market mechanism has a certain impact on the emission reduction effect of building carbon emission rights trading,but the impact is not significant.Secondly,using SPSS statistical software to conduct a multiple regression analysis on the impact mechanism of the emission reduction effect of building carbon emission rights trading,the research shows that the participants play a very important role on the effect mechanism of the emission reduction effect of building carbon emission rights trading.The results of the two statistical methods are consistent,which once again confirms the influence of market maturity,market mechanism,government intervention,and participants on the emission reduction effect of building carbon emission rights trading.(2)Carbon emission rights trading and carbon taxes affect corporate building energy conservation and emission reduction behaviors,technological innovation incentives,total carbon emission control and implementation costs,but their effects are different.(1)The characteristics of the carbon emission reduction technology adopted by an enterprise determine the actual carbon emissions of the company.Regardless of other circumstances,the higher the level of the company’s carbon emission reduction technology,the lower the company’s carbon emissions.In addition,considering the carbon tax,the level of the corporate carbon tax rate will affect the actual carbon emissions of the company.The higher the tax rate,the lower the company’s actual carbon emissions,and the tax rate has an inverse relationship with the company’s actual carbon emissions.In the case of carbon emissions trading,the price level of the company’s carbon emissions rights will affect the company’s actual carbon emissions.The higher the price,the lower the company’s actual carbon emissions,and the price has an inverse relationship with the company’s actual carbon emissions.(2)Whether a company fully complies with environmental policies depends on the government’s supervision.The stronger the supervision,the less companies will misreport their carbon emissions,and vice versa.(3)Comparing the two environmental policy tools,carbon tax and carbon emission rights trading,under the same conditions,the government can increase the intensity of environmental supervision to achieve the incentive effect of corporate carbon emission reduction technology updates.From the perspective of the impact of the two environmental policy tools on the corporate carbon emission reduction technology update policy.If the government can effectively control the number of carbon emission permits,the effect of the carbon emission trading policy is equivalent to a carbon tax.On the other hand,if the government cannot effectively control the number of carbon emission permits,the policy impact of carbon emissions trading is less than that of carbon taxes.(4)Carbon tax and carbon emission rights trading have different effects on total carbon emission control,which depends on the improvement of enterprise technology level.In the case of enterprise technological improvement,the control effect of carbon tax is better than that of carbon emission rights trading.In the case that the enterprise does not have technological improvement,the control effect of carbon tax is the same as that of carbon emission rights trading.(5)Compare the implementation costs of carbon tax and carbon emissions trading.If the initial environmental policy goal is set at the same total carbon emissions,if the company can achieve technological progress,the implementation cost of carbon emissions trading is lower than the carbon tax.(3)Analyze the current development of carbon market trading in the entire construction industry,use the dynamic CGE model to carry out research,and adopt corresponding simulation simulations for the following nine different scenarios.From this perspective,analyze the impact of trading policies on GDP.The impact of development,energy structure,and carbon emissions.The main research conclusions include:(1)With the reduction of quota supply and free quota allocation rate,its negative inhibitory effect on the GDP of the construction industry will gradually increase.The main reason is the decrease in household savings,corporate savings,government savings,and household consumption and government consumption.(2)The implementation of carbon trading policies in the construction industry has restrained the growth of carbon emissions to a certain extent.The main reason is that on the one hand,companies have gradually begun to adjust the energy structure during the production process,and high-emission coal-burning energy has been gradually replaced by renewable energy or other energy sources,which has produced an energy substitution effect;on the other hand,new technological processes have been Development,high-efficiency template technology has been developed by leaps and bounds.(3)Trading policies can optimize the energy structure of the construction industry to a certain extent,but considering that China is in the middle of the urbanization process and is lower than the global level,at the same time,the proportion of cement consumption in China’s construction industry remains high and the construction industry’s manufacturing method transition cycle Lengthy,resulting in an energy structure dominated by coal-fired energy and supplemented by gas-based energy will exist for a long time.(4)The increase in carbon cost will put more pressure on the survival of the enterprise.This situation will inevitably lead to an increase in product prices in the actual development process and reduce the purchasing power of residents.In the short term,the levy of a carbon tax will lead to a decline in employment rates,wage levels and residents’ incomes in the construction industry,increase capital factors,and at the same time reduce the distribution differences between labor factors.However,in the long run,as long as a reasonable carbon tax policy is set,and gradual and orderly progress,the "double dividend" of environmental protection and employment will be realized.The thesis provides empirical evidence for the country’s effective implementation of carbon emission rights trading from the perspective of building carbon emission reduction,and enriches the relevant literature on carbon emission rights trading in the field of building energy conservation and emission reduction.Studies have shown that the implementation of building carbon emission rights trading can effectively reduce building carbon emissions,but the emission reduction effect is affected by many factors.In general,China should effectively improve the basic environment of policies,markets,and laws,and give full play to the leading role of carbon emissions trading in the field of building energy conservation and emission reduction.In the research process of this paper,there are a total of 35 figures,50 tables,and a total of 190 references. |
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