Research On China’s Carbon Emissions Trading Mechanism And Its Impact On Carbon Emission Reduction

The rapid economic growth has led to an increasing demand for energy and resources,resulting in a rapid rise in total carbon emissions,serious climate and environmental problems,and huge challenges for China’s sustainable development.China is committed to developing a low-carbon economic model,formulating carbon emission reduction targets,actively promoting energy conservation and emission reduction,and building an international low-carbon image.At present,China is gradually advancing the emission reduction target of dual control of total carbon emission and carbon emission intensity,aiming to achieve the goal of "carbon neutrality" by 2060.Against this background,China has embarked on the construction of an ecological civilization,taking green and low-carbon sustainable development as its long-term economic development goal.Carbon emission reduction activities rely on the introduction and innovation of low-carbon technologies in the production process,and promote the upgrading of the industrial structure.At the same time,it needs the support of the market system.China has introduced the market mechanism into environmental regulation and related policies,and further optimized the allocation of resources through the market transaction mechanism to better achieve the overall goal of carbon emission reduction.Under the carbon emission trading mechanism,by setting quota targets for the included industries,it aims to achieve the overall emission reduction target and effectively reduce the cost of carbon emission reduction.Therefore,the carbon emission trading mechanism is an important institutional innovation and policy tool to achieve carbon emission reduction goals.Since 2011,China has established pilot markets for carbon emissions trading in seven regions including Beijing and Shanghai.In 2016,the General Office of the State Council approved the overall design and implementation plan of the national unified carbon emissions trading market,and China began to establish a national carbon emissions trading market to guide the steady development of the real economy in a low-carbon model.Therefore,researching the carbon emission trading mechanism,a key tool to achieve carbon emission reduction goals,exploring its mechanism and principle to exert the effect of carbon emission reduction,and realizing the transformation and sustainable development of low-carbon economy have gradually become the focus of academic circles.important theoretical and practical significance.In this context,based on the theory of public goods,economic externality theory and Coase theorem,this paper defines the definition of carbon emission rights,carbon emission trading mechanism and carbon emission reduction,and clarifies the mechanism of carbon emission trading mechanism affecting carbon emission reduction,laying a theoretical foundation for the research on the impact path and impact effect of carbon emission trading mechanism on carbon emission reduction.On this basis,determine the impact path of carbon emission trading mechanism on carbon emission reduction,and then measure the carbon emission reduction effect of carbon emission trading mechanism,so as to reveal the mechanism of carbon emission trading mechanism affecting carbon emission reduction.Specifically,first of all,it sorts out the basic concepts of the carbon emission trading mechanism and expounds the operation principle of the carbon emission trading mechanism,combines the theories such as the Coase theorem and the Porter hypothesis,and summarizes the mechanism of the carbon emission trading mechanism affecting carbon emission reduction.The specific research content of carbon emission trading mechanism affecting carbon emission reduction is proposed and the research framework of this paper is constructed.Secondly,summarize the status quo of China’s carbon emission trading mechanism,build an evaluation index system for the operation effect of the carbon emission trading mechanism,and evaluate the operation effect of China’s carbon emission trading pilot market,so as to point out the trading mechanism operation of China’s carbon emission trading market.The advantages and disadvantages of the process,and the current status of China’s carbon emission trading mechanism.Third,further expand the research perspective to the level of regional carbon emissions,and conduct spatial measurement analysis of carbon emissions in China.The carbon emission intensity and regional differences of 30 provinces in China were measured,and a spatial econometric model was constructed to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of China’s carbon emission intensity,and indicators such as energy structure and industrial structure were selected to divide the regional carbon emission levels,and to analyze the regional emission reduction potential.Based on the measurement of China’s regional carbon emission level,this paper provides a reference for how to set the total quota more reasonably in the process of setting the total quota of the carbon emission rights trading mechanism.Fourth,propose and test the direct and indirect paths of China’s carbon emission trading mechanism affecting carbon emission reduction.Using the "difference model" and "difference method",the establishment of the pilot market for carbon emissions trading is used as the time node to test the direct path of the carbon emissions trading mechanism affecting carbon emission reduction.Based on the mechanism of carbon emission trading mechanism affecting carbon emission reduction,it can be seen that there is an indirect path to its impact on carbon emission reduction.From the perspective of enterprises,a "triple difference model" is established to test the low-carbon technology innovation path of carbon emission trading mechanism for carbon emission reduction.,from the perspective of the industry to establish a "double-difference model" to test the industrial structure adjustment path of carbon emission trading mechanism for carbon emission reduction.Fifth,measure the carbon emission reduction effect of the carbon emission trading mechanism.After determining the impact path of the carbon emission trading mechanism on carbon emission reduction,the carbon emission trading mechanism,low-carbon technology innovation and industrial structure upgrading are integrated into a research framework for analysis,and the input-output method is used to measure the regional carbon emission reduction.Efficiency,establish a dual mediation model with low-carbon technological innovation and industrial structure adjustment as mediating variables,measure the carbon emission reduction effect of the carbon emission trading mechanism,and its carbon emission reduction effect through the path of low-carbon technological innovation and industrial structure adjustment,which verifies the carbon emission reduction effect of the carbon emission trading mechanism.Finally,combined with the theoretical analysis and empirical research results,from the perspective of improving the carbon emission trading mechanism,improving the low-carbon technology innovation ability,building a low-carbon industrial system and expanding a new development model of carbon emission trading,it proposes an improvement based on the carbon emission trading mechanism,and make suggestions for the effectiveness of carbon reduction.