Research On Farmers' Participation In Forestry Carbon Sink Projects And Their Livelihood Impacts Based On Social Capital Factors

Forestry carbon sink is an important means for China to deal with climate change,and it is an economic tool to solve environmental problems.It's significant for the development of forestry carbon sinks in China to increasing the forestry carbon sink project of collective forest.However,due to the high degree of overlap between forest-rich regions and poor regions in China,the design of forestry carbon sink projects must be combined with poverty reduction.Environmental protection and rural poverty reduction and income increase are forestry carbon sink projects' dual goals.The abundant rural social capital in China is an important factor affecting the production behavior of farmers.Therefore,social capital,forestry carbon sink supply and forest farming livelihoods are linked.The impact of social capital on farmers' participation in forestry carbon sink project and the impact of participation in forestry carbon sink project on farmers' livelihoods are analyzed.It's of great practical significance.This is also the main innovative contribution of this research.CCER forestry carbon sink project is currently the main form of forestry carbon sink project in China.Six CCER forestry carbon sink projects in Hebei,Hubei,Hunan and Qinghai provinces were selected as sample projects.1,560 rural households were surveyed from January to December 2018.The following four specific issues are empirically analyzed by using statistical methods,structural equation model and econometric models such as Ordered Probit,binary Logit and propensity score matching.First,the impact of social capital on farmers' participation in forestry carbon sink projects;second,the impact of social capital on collective forestry carbon sink project equity distribution;third,the impact of participation in forestry carbon sink project on farmers' livelihood capital and livelihood strategies.Fourth,the impact of participation in forestry carbon sink project on farmers' livelihood outcomes: income and subjective well-being.The main findings are as follows: First,the village's external contacts,interpersonal trust,institutional trust,and organizational support are all positively affecting farmers' participation in the forestry carbon sink projects.The three variables of farmers' information acquisition,risk perception,and forest ecological value perception have significant mediating effects on the above impact mechanisms.Improving the village's external contacts,increasing interpersonal trust,institutional trust and organizational support can be important ways to promote the farmers' participating in the forestry carbon sink projects.Second,the village's external contacts,individual trust of farmers,and organizational tool support to farmers have significant positive impact on the farmers' benefits from forestry carbon sink projects.Promoting the village's external contacts,increasing the interpersonal trust and the organizational tool support can be used as ways to promote farmers' profit in forestry carbon sink projects.Third,the farmers participating in the forestry carbon sink project have lower natural capital,but more deposits and household appliances.Participating in the forestry carbon sink project reduced the farmers' natural capital to a certain extent,and weakened farmers' dependence on natural resources.This indirectly promotes the shift of those farmers with higher human capital to work or part-time livelihood strategies,which is conducive to improving their livelihood levels.Fourth,not all forestry carbon sink projects have been able to increase farmer income.Only the farmers participating in the distribution of project emission reduction benefits can increase their annual income significantly by 3742 yuan.The satisfaction of farmers in the collective forest area to the ecological environment is relatively high.Compared with other livelihood activities such as working,the Revenue gained in the agricultural and forestry production is too low,and farmers are generally dissatisfied that forestry ecological benefits cannot be realized or the value is too low.Farmers who participate in the distribution of emissions reductions from forestry carbon sink projects generally have higher satisfaction with resource income.The participation in forestry carbon sink projects can significantly increase farmers' satisfaction with neighborhood relations and village cadres,but it can improve villagers' satisfaction with village cadres at a higher level.