| Bamei stone forest,located in Daofu County,Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province,is the only new type of stone forest landscape found in China.The formation of Bamei stone forest landscape is controlled by both internal and external dynamic geological processes.There are fundamental differences between Bamei stone forest and carbonate rock,sandstone,granite and basalt in material composition,landscape environment,landscape process and landscape characteristics.At present,there are still many differences on the material composition and landscape mechanism of Bamei stone forest,which needs more systematic and in-depth research.Based on the theories of geology,geomorphology,ecology and geography,combined with the related technical methods of geographic information technology,statistical analysis and management engineering,on the basis of the existing geological relics landscape forming mechanism,vulnerability assessment,Bamei stone forest and Xianshuihe fault zone,this paper studies the regional geological background,landscape rock characteristics,landscape types and landscape types of Bamei stone forest This paper studies the characteristics and landscape mechanism of Bamei stone forest,constructs a multi-dimensional evaluation index system of Bamei stone forest landscape vulnerability,and explores the protection mechanism and strategy of Bamei stone forest geological heritage landscape resources.This paper is the application and practice of quaternary geology in the study of landscape protection and development of geological relics and landscape geology.The results are as follows:(1)According to the existing theories and methods on the genesis of geological relics at home and abroad,it is found that there are many particularities in the geological conditions and natural geographical environment of Bamei stone forest.The formation and evolution of Bamei Shilin landscape can be roughly divided into three geological periods: Indosinian,Yanshanian and Himalayan The process of diagenesis and metamorphism,the formation of fracture rock by Xianshuihe fault during neotectonic movement,the differential rise and fall caused by the development of strike slip pull apart basin,and the formation of stone forest landscape by weathering and erosion of fracture broken rock.(2)Through literature research,field investigation,thin section identification,scanning electron microscope observation,major and trace element analysis and other technical methods,through detection,it is determined that the scenic rock in Bamei Shilin is a set of carbonized and argillated broken phyllite and phyllitic slate.It is further verified that the scenic rock is brittle fracture broken rock,belonging to dynamic metamorphic rock,and does not have the unique characteristics of mylonite Structure.Therefore,it is suggested that the "mylonite theory" of Bamei stone forest may be caused by the change of the traditional definition of mylonite,the confusion of "thousand mylonite" and the unclear understanding of the ductile brittle multi-stage activities and the structural level transformation of the Xianshuihe fault zone.At the same time,through further observation and analysis,it can be concluded that the scenic rocks in Bamei stone forest also have the characteristics of zonal distribution,easy to be eroded,and the rhythm structure of relict protolith flysch.(3)Using aerial drones synthetic view 3D model in the study area,according to the spatial structure will study area is divided into five landscape,karst stone forest,soil and similar landscape classification standard,Lin will be divided into eight stone forest landscape beauty peak cluster and also two categories,and further divided into angular,blade,stone,stone pillars,stone runnel,tower,crossing their shape and irregular shape(pictograph),and other landscape types.(4)The landscape forming mechanism of Bamei stone forest is the system coupling of "structure surface process climate".The most important controlling factor of Bamei Shilin landscape is the frequent and long-term zonal development of fault tectonic activities.Influenced by the pull apart basin system of left-hand strike and slide of Xianshuihe fault zone,the fractured rocks of Bamei Shilin fault are uplifted and exposed to the surface.Under the influence of plateau climate in the eastern margin of Qinghai Tibet Plateau,especially under the action of flowing water,the fractured rocks of Bamei Shilin are formed after weathering and differential erosion Forest landscape.The landscape evolution process of Bamei Stone Forest roughly experienced germination period,growth period,landscape forming period and extinction period,and showed the characteristics of distribution along the ridge,differential erosion and vegetation influence.(5)Through analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and expert scoring method,with the help of SPSS,Yaahp and other software,this paper constructs natural factors and human factors as first-class indicators,geological background,geographical environment,climatic conditions,economic activities and protection activities as secondary indicators,and 14 factors as three,including geological structure,rock mass structure,rock type,geomorphic characteristics,precipitation,temperature,land use and protection measures The vulnerability evaluation index system of Bamei stone forest was established.According to the index system,the paper concludes that Bamei stone forest landscape has significant vulnerability through expert rating,and through the comparison of typical landscape in 2007 and 2019,it further verifies that Bamei stone forest landscape has significant vulnerability,which provides the basis for formulating the protection measures of Bamei stone forest.(6)Starting from the realistic background of ecological construction,poverty alleviation and rural revitalization,based on the current situation of Bamei Stone Forest's vulnerability,protection and development,the "Background-Drive-State-Response"(BDSR)protection mechanism of Bamei stone forest,it is constructed with government,community and market as the three main response bodies and mechanism innovation as the key carrier,Some suggestions are put forward,such as formulating and strictly implementing the classified protection plan,taking necessary engineering measures,highlighting the leading role of the government,strengthening the main role of the market,and activating the main role of the community. |
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