The Research On Agricultural Eco-efficiency In Xinjiang

The release of "reform dividend" makes China's agriculture advance rapidly on the road of modernization,and also makes the agricultural economy continue to grow at a high speed.But at the same time,it has also brought about the cumulative effect of "reverse ecologicalization",which has caused the huge resource and environment problems such as non-point source pollution,soil fertility decline,food safety and so on.Therefore,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and the State Council paid close attention to the agricultural ecological environment.For many years,the No.1 central document of the Central Committee continued to place the agricultural ecological problem in the prominent position of agricultural development.The report of the 19 th CPC National Congress calls for strengthening the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution,completing the ecological protection red line as soon as possible,establishing and improving the green,low-carbon and circular economic system,and realizing rural revitalization.As a major agricultural province,Xinjiang has a fragile agricultural ecological environment,arid climate,lack of water resources and poor agricultural production conditions.At the same time,due to its remote location and distance from the national scientific research and innovation center,it is relatively lack of scientific farming technology,and agricultural production is mostly yieldoriented and purely in pursuit of economic benefits.As a result,agricultural production factors such as pesticide,chemical fertilizer,plastic film,machinery and so on cannot be used scientifically and rationally in the process of agricultural production,which leads to more serious direct or indirect ecological environmental pollution problems than other regions.At present,under the circumstance that the cooperative coupling of agricultural economic development and ecological environmental protection is the mainstream development trend,improve the efficiency of Xinjiang agricultural ecology is particularly important.The key to improving the level of agricultural eco-efficiency lies in controlling pollutant emissions,and at the same time rationally distributing agricultural production resources to avoid excessive investment.At present,How to improve ecological efficiency is the focus and hot topic in the academic circle.Based on DEA,this paper firstly evaluated and analyzed the agricultural eco-efficiency of 14 prefectures and prefectures in Xinjiang from 2012 to 2018,and then further decomposed the agricultural eco-efficiency on this basis to determine the impact of pure technical efficiency and scale effect on agricultural eco-efficiency.Secondly,the total factor productivity ML index is analyzed and judged,and according to the Zofio decomposition method,it is further decomposed into four indexes: PEC,SEC,PTC,and STC;Thirdly,the convergence of agricultural ecological efficiency is tested to determine its future development trend;Finally,analyze the influencing factors of agricultural ecological efficiency.Based on these studies,this paper draws the following conclusions:(1)The agricultural eco-efficiency of Xinjiang showed an upward trend in fluctuation on the whole,and reached the effective state of agricultural eco-efficiency in 2013,2014,2015 and 2018 during the sample study period;The agricultural ecological efficiency in Xinjiang is lower than the agricultural production efficiency,and the main reason for the loss of efficiency is the non-expected output.The redundancy rate of agricultural inputs and undesired outputs is high,and pollution emissions cause more efficiency losses than carbon emissions.(2)During the research period,the agricultural eco-efficiency in the 14 prefectures and cities of Xinjiang was generally at a low level.As time went on,the number of cities reaching the effective state of agricultural eco-efficiency in the 14 prefectures and cities of Xinjiang increased gradually;The overall agricultural ecological pure technical efficiency of Xinjiang is at a medium level and has a great potential for improvement.During the research period,among the 14 prefectures and prefectures in Xinjiang,the top 7cities have all reached the effective state of agricultural ecological pure technical efficiency.The scale effect of agro-ecology in 14 prefectures and prefectures of Xinjiang is at a high level,and the change of effective cities with scale effect of agro-ecology is consistent with the agricultural eco-efficiency.(3)The reasons for the loss of agricultural eco-efficiency in the 14 prefectural cities of Xinjiang can be roughly divided into three situations: the first is that the low pure agricultural ecological technical efficiency affects the level of agricultural eco-efficiency;The second is that the scale effect of agro-ecology is too low,which affects the efficiency level of agricultural eco-efficiency.The third is the cross-influence of pure agricultural ecological technical efficiency and agricultural ecological scale effect on the level of agricultural eco-efficiency.(4)The input indicators and undesired output indicators of all prefectures and cities have serious redundancy.The redundancy rate of various indicators in southern Xinjiang is generally higher than that in northern Xinjiang.(5)The total factor productivity of agricultural ecology in the 14 prefectures and cities of Xinjiang is on the rise.The progress and regression of PEC,SEC,PTC and STC directly affect the increase and decrease of agricultural ecological total factor productivity,which is an important driving factor for the change of agricultural ecological efficiency.(6)In order to test the convergence mode of agricultural eco-efficiency in Xinjiang,we conducted a convergence test on it.The results show that there are absolute convergence,conditional convergence and club convergence.(7)Indicators were selected from the perspectives of water resources and multidimensional perspectives,and their effects on agricultural eco-efficiency were studied respectively.Using panel Tobit regression and clustering standard error test,random effects were selected to analyze the influencing factors of agricultural eco-efficiency in Xinjiang,southern Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang respectively.The study found that different influencing factors had different effects in each region.