TECHNOLOGY OF ENERGY PRODUCTION IN CEMENT MANUFACTURE (ECONOMICS, ENERGY, TRANSLOG, DUALITY, ECONOMETRICS)

"Technology of Energy Production in Cement Manufacture" is a study of how the sixth most energy intensive manufacturing industry in the United States economy adjusted to price shocks of the early 1970s. The level of production examined here is that of the transformation of fuel and electric power inputs into Btu's of energy for cement manufacture. The industry is disaggregated to the regional level for an empirical estimation of factor demand equations for the period 1973-1981. The translog input demand model developed includes three specific indexes of technical change, two time related dummy variables, and a measure of output. An additional model is developed to estimate price induced motivation for technical change.; Basic results of the study include the discovery of predominantly autonomous motivations for technical change, a nonconcavity in the energy cost function brought about by Environmental Protection Agency regulations/constraints, significant substitution possibilities among types of fuels, and a complementary relationship between electricity and natural gas.