| This dissertation evaluates multiple effects that will cause a satellite borne radar to observe transformation of the transmitted polarization by an ocean surface. Knowing the surface conditions over large swaths of ocean is very important for both global weather prediction and for safety of navigation at sea. Fully polarimetric linearly polarized ocean observation radars use the linear cross-polarized ocean response to obtain an assessment of the surface wind vectors. However, radar technology is evolving. More compact hybrid polarization radars that transmit a single circular polarization, and then simultaneously receive two orthogonal linear polarizations are expected to obtain near fully polarimetric capability with a significant savings in weight, volume, and complexity. The models used by fully polarimetric linearly polarized radars to obtain the surface wind vectors are empirical, and not usable for hybrid compact polarimetric radars. The literature survey indicated two areas needed investigation to develop ocean observation capabilities for hybrid compact polarimetric radar. The first is for antenna cross-polarization isolation models specific to hybrid polarization radars. The second is for improved understanding of the nature of the ocean's polarimetric response to hybrid polarizations. Conclusions include that hybrid polarizations provide opportunities to polarimetrically isolate surface features, including surface roughness, the surface specular response, and breaking waves. These features should provide insight into surface winds, wave steepness, and sea state. |
