| This study uses a two-phase design to: (1) explore how a state-initiated, federally-funded reform (The Framework for Aesthetic Literacy) survived in ten schools after federal funding ceased; and (2) examine the characteristics that contribute to the institutionalization of reform.;In the first phase, a survey instrument consisting of a two-page questionnaire and a rating scale, called the Innovation Configuration Matrix, was used to determine the relative levels of institutionalization in ten schools and to select four schools for further study. Results from the questionnaires are described through case studies and results of the matrix are clarified in graphs and tables.;In the second phase, interviews and focus groups were used to find characteristics that supported the reform effort over a period of three years. Analysis of the interviews and focus groups, using the Levels of Use protocol to describe how well the reform had been implemented and institutionalized, rated most of the responses at high levels of use, which were noted as refinement, integration, and renewal.;Using a constant-comparative methodology to analyze interviews, five themes were identified. The themes are illustrated through case studies. The first theme, Comfort and Change, indicates that teachers are not opposed to change, but they need to feel comfortable with a reform effort, sharing its philosophical perspective and having the skills to successfully deliver the instructional model. The second theme, Engagement and Understanding, suggests that teachers are motivated by seeing their students engaged in learning, enjoying their activities, and developing new understandings. The third theme, Ownership, points to the importance of teachers and administrators feeling they initiated at least a portion of the reform and that a critical number of staff members "bought into" the reform effort. The fourth theme indicates when teachers and administrators work together in a Collaborative Climate reform efforts are supported. The fifth and final theme, Supports and Barriers , shows that administrators who facilitate the work by tearing down barriers encourage staff to work harder on a reform. Staff turnover poses a significant barrier to reform.;The study concludes with recommendations for reformers based on the findings. Appendices contain the survey instrument, including the Innovation Configuration Matrix, the rating rubric, and the interview questions. |
