| This study used structured observation to investigate the managerial behavior of a middle school principal in her natural setting, a large urban middle school. Observations were conducted for 15 consecutive work days. The study is unique because its the first reported investigation to use field-based research to observe a female middle school principal in her work environment.; Findings indicated that the principal spent 8,079 minutes (134.65 hours) on essential administrative functions. Of this time, curriculum and instruction commanded the greatest percentage of the principal's time (22%). Student activities consumed the next largest block (19%). Managing human resources ranked third (15%), while parent involvement placed fourth (14%).; Findings also indicated that 1,783 minutes (29.72 hours) of the principal's time was spent on office-related tasks such as writing or reading correspondence. The principal spent 1,727 minutes (28.78 hours) being a visible presence managing by walking about (MBWA) the buildings and grounds of the school and 3,137 minutes (52.28 hours) participating in scheduled and unscheduled meetings and conferences. The principal also experienced 895 face-to-face encounters and was interrupted 228 times while performing administrative functions. |
