| This dissertation addresses experiments that help us understand the differences in laser-sample interactions within different matrices and/or background substrates toward the goal of developing LIBS techniques that can be used to measure the elemental composition of forensic and environmentally relevant samples. LIBS instrumental parameters are optimized for the analysis of trace chromium contamination in natural waters, gunshot residues sampled from the hands of a suspected shooter, and coal fly ash samples from an industrial power plant. Sampling styles investigated include surface liquid analysis, formation of aerosols, formation of synthetic ice, immobilization/preconcentration onto ion exchange polymer membranes, and analyses of both homogeneous and heterogeneous particulate matter secured onto an adhesive or pressed into pellets. Throughout the analyses, the method of internal standards was applied to compensate for differences in instrumental performance. |
