A gyermek-es serdulokori anorexia nervosa pszichoszomatikus jellemzoi

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disease. According to the traditional diagnostic criteria it is characterized by weight loss or a halt in weight gain, intensive fear from weight gain, body image distortion and primary and secondary amenorrhea caused by malnutrition. In the last few years the disease has started more at an early age and its prevalence has increased.; A diagnostic threshold of AN is based on the severity of somatic changes such as the degree of weight loss. I have examined the most appropriate parameter to define the limit for pathologic emaciation by comparing body maturity and nutrition of AN adolescents with age-matched standards. The conclusion is that in children and adolescents with eating disorder we can define someone as being pathologically underweight more precisely utilizing the "difference from the ideal body mass index (BMI)" parameter with the age-adjusted BMI percentile values, as compared to the absolute BMI and difference from ideal weight parameters used at present.; Contrary to general belief, AN patients, despite being severely underweight, are less prone to infections except at the terminal stages of the disease. There have been no earlier studies on the role of regulatory T cells in the immunemodulation associated with AN. In this work we examined the ratio, function and cytokine producing ability of regulatory T cells and their cell network along with the activation kinetics of CD4+ cells after different in vitro stimulants and intracellular stains analyzed with the flow cytometric technique. According to the measurements in adolescent AN patients the number and function of regulatory T cells and the relative number of the subgroups of dendritic cells does not change, and the reaction of monocytes to LPS is normal.; Based on these results, there are probably other regulating mechanisms responsible for the immunologic changes observed in adolescent AN. However, we concluded that the IL-2 production of CD4+ cells is decreased in AN. We found in our study that the gamma interferon and IL-4 production of CD4+ cells in anorexia nervosa does not differ from the healthy control group.; We were the first to study the excitability of lymphocytes in AN and the kinetics of calcium-flux after cell activation. We concluded, that the membrane potential of circulating lymphocytes is normal in AN, however after activation it takes twice as long to reach the maximal calcium level as compared to the healthy control group. There is an association between the changes in activation characteristics and differences in calcium-flux kinetics with the decreased IL-2 producing ability.; The familial interactions responsible for the development and persistence of AN were studied. It is proved that the family members have a mutual impact on each other's emotional state. We were able to identify with our study the vicious circles lying between the child's anorectic symptoms and the parents' depression and anxiety.; It is essential to involve the parents, to assess and treat their anxiety and depression when we treat children and adolescents with eating disorders. According to the above, family therapy should be considered a first line treatment in adolescent anorexia nervosa. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)...