Research On The Evolution And Innovation Of The Income Distribution System Since The Founding Of New China

The income distribution system determines the distribution pattern and distribution structure of the production results and people's consumption level and living standard.As an important manifestation of production relations,the income distribution system is in an important position in economic system.It was established as a basic economic system at the fourth Plenary Session of the 19 th CPC Central Committee.It has been 70 years since the founding of new China.With the practice of Socialism with Chinese characteristics,the income distribution system has gone through a process of constant evolution and innovation.To reveal and understand the internal mechanism and law of the evolution of income distribution system is helpful for us to understand the theory of income distribution.By deepening reform of the income distribution system,the structural imbalance in income distribution is expected to be solved.Effective institution supply will be helpful to realize the development goal of common prosperity.This paper includes 6 chapters.The author discusses the evolution and innovation of the income distribution system from the founding of new China 70 years ago.Chapter 1 is the introductory theory.It contains several problems.The first is the theoretical and realistic significance of the research.The second is the review of literature of research status at home and abroad.The third is the method used in the research.The fourth is the research idea,which summarizes the structure and frame of this paper.The fifth is key point and difficulty.The last one is the innovation and inadequacy shortcomings of the research.In chapter 2,the author illuminates several basic concepts used in the paper.They are income,income distribution,institution,income distribution system and institutional change.To know their implication is very important to the research.We can hardly explain income distribution clearly without those concepts.The author introduces the concepts in western income distribution theory and those in Marxism income distribution theory.The meaning and definition in those two theoretical system are very different.Those views have the reference value to the research on China's institutional change of distribution system.Chapter 3 introduces the implementation of distribution according to work before the reform and opening up.The germination of the ideas of distribution according to work began in the utopian socialist period.Marx and Engels inherited its rational core and developed it into scientific income distribution theory.The theory of socialist income distribution has been applied and developed in the practice of socialism in the 20 th century.Lenin defined the conception of Distribution according to work,which is the basic conception in socialist economic theory.Lenin realized that distribution according to work could not be carried out without commodity and the monetary system.In the early period of socialist construction,the understanding of distribution according to work was deepened.The system implemented in the whole society achieved equality in distribution and ensured worker sovereignty,improved people's living standards.Influenced by left thinking,Marxist theory of income distribution was badly misinterpreted and the egalitarianism prevailed at last.The practice of distribution according to work became the basis of reform.In chapter 4,the author expounds the reform of income distribution system and the income distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body and a variety of distribution modes coexisting.After the reform and opening up,with the narrowing of the scope of public ownership,distribution according to work is no longer the only principle of distribution.New methods of distribution are constantly emerging.A system combining distribution according to work and distribution according to factors of production appears.According to work occupies the dominant position,the meaning of distribution according to work and the realization way need to understand again under socialist market economy.In this chapter,the author introduces the theory of distribution by factors of production and give an evaluation.It is useful to understand the income distribution system of market economy.As it adapts to the objective requirements of the development of productive forces,the reform of income distribution system makes the social material wealth obtain a huge increase.People's overall income level has been significantly higher than before the reform.In chapter 5,the author proposes the reflection on the present distribution system.Some problems exists in reality.The distribution system according to work is weakened.The scope of the distribution according to work system is shrinking as the proportion of public ownership declines.The distribution system according to production factors is lack of norm,which leads to strong capita and weak labor.This has led to a widening gap between the rich and the poor.That must affect the realization of common prosperity.The structure of total income distribution is unbalanced.The gap between people and area and industry is larger than before.At the end of the chapter,the author explains the reasons of the problems and points out that the change of the ownership is the key reason of the unbalance of income distribution structure.The last chapter discusses the great innovation of income distribution system in the fourth plenary session of the 19 th CPC central committee.The conference made a new summary on the practice of income distribution system in our country.The system with distribution according to work as the main body and a variety of modes of distribution coexist has been established as a basic economic system.The new summary gives the direction of the reform of the income distribution system in China.In view of the contradictions and problems in the system operation,the meeting emphasized several principles for improving the income distribution system.First,we must implement the principle of distribution according to work,we should increase the share of labor income in primary distribution.Second,in redistribution,we should give full play to the role of the government in regulating income distribution by the tax system,social security system and financial transfer payment system.Those ways are helpful to narrow the income gap,to curb the polarization between rich and poor.To improve the system of distribution according to factors of production,the meeting proposed to use land and data as new factors of production.The contributions of factors ought to be evaluated by the market.In the conclusion of the article,the author emphasizes the key point of the whole article.As important analysis tools,Marxist theory of income distribution still has theoretical guiding significance when we observe income distribution problems and deepen reform of the income distribution system.On a practical level,to increase labor income and safeguard the economic interests of workers is the fundamental orient of the reform of income distribution system.It is also the basic way to achieve common prosperity.