| Since the 1980 s,with the rapid development of economic globalization,the international division of labor has been characterized by refinement,complexity and fragmentation.Intra-product specialization has replaced inter-industry specialization and intra-industry specialization,gradually becoming the main form of international division of labor.Intra-product specialization is a form of division of labor that links the production activities of enterprises in different countries or regions through disintegration of the value chain.Each of participants in the intra-product specialization system is targeted at specific production process in the global value chain for specialized production.Industrial upgrading against the background of intra-product specialization is the core research subject in the field of industrial economics.With the increasing importance of China’s equipment manufacturing industry in the national economy in recent years,how to accelerate the upgrading of equipment manufacturing industry against the background of intra-product specialization is becoming the key issue of industrial development in China.Thus,the research on intra-product specialization and the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry is of great research value.Since the reform and opening-up,China has started to integrate into the intra-product specialization system.With the improvement of participation level of intra-product specialization,China’s Equipment manufacturing industry has experienced a period of rapid growth from 2001 to 2008,driven by the developing international subcontracting.But after the international financial crisis,because of the reduction in the international market demand and the rising in production cost in China,the growth rate of China’s equipment manufacturing industry is slowing down,and China’s industrial development is getting stuck in a bottleneck,facing such problems as that the status of intra-product specialization is relatively poor and the international competitiveness of equipment manufacturing industry is relatively weak.Thus,we need to find new ways to speed up the upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry at present.This thesis studies the influence of intra-product specialization on the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry by theoretical and empirical researches,combining with the dilemma,restrictive factors and industrial development goal of China’s equipment manufacturing industry against the background of intra-product specialization,and puts forward targeted and feasible policy proposals,in order to find a way to help China’s equipment manufacturing industry out of the dilemma and speed up the pace of upgrading.The thesis focuses on intra-product specialization and the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,which consists of seven chapters.Chapter Ⅰ is the introduction,which mainly introduces the research background and significance,research content and framework,research methods,innovation and deficiencies of this thesis,and defines the concepts of intra-product specialization,equipment manufacturing industry,and industrial upgrading,which are the key of this thesis.Chapter Ⅱ is the basic theory and literature review,which summarizes and expounds the basic theories related to this thesis,and reviews the domestic and foreign researches and makes comments on them.Chapter Ⅲ is the development situation of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,which expounds the historical development process and status quo of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,and analyzes the dilemma that is faced by the development of China’s equipment manufacturing industry against the background of intra-product specialization.Chapter Ⅳ is the theoretical research,which explores the types of the upgrading of equipment manufacturing industry and the ways of realization against the background of intra-product specialization,and respectively analyzes the mechanism of the influence of intra-product specialization on high efficiency upgrading,servitization,and high-end upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.On that basis it also analyzes the restrictive factors of the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry against the background of intra-product specialization.Chapter Ⅴ is the measurement of intra-product specialization and the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,which respectively builds indexes to measure the participation level of intra-product specialization,high efficiency upgrading,servitization,and high-end upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry in order to work out the situation of intraproduct specialization and the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.Chapter Ⅵ is the empirical research,which builds panel data models and vector error correction model in order to respectively study the impacts of intra-product specialization on high efficiency upgrading,servitization,and high-end upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.Chapter Ⅶ is the conclusion and policy proposals,which summarizes the main conclusions of this thesis and puts forward policy proposals.According to this thesis,we will arrive at following main conclusions:Firstly,since the reform and opening-up,China’s equipment manufacturing industry has experienced the start-up and growth period from 1978 to 2000,the rapid development period from 2001 to 2008,and the transformation and upgrading period since 2009.China is facing a critical period of the upgrading of equipment manufacturing industry at present.The upgrading of equipment manufacturing industry has been quite effectively promoted by national policies in recent years.Equipment manufacturing industry is becoming more and more important as a cornerstone that supports the development of manufacturing industry and a major force that promotes R&D and technological innovation of the manufacturing industry.However,China’s equipment manufacturing industry is caught in the dilemma that the growth rate is slowing down,the status of intra-product specialization is relatively poor,the international competitiveness is relatively weak.Thus,the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry still needs to be accelerated.Secondly,seen from the mechanism analysis of this thesis,in terms of the impacts of intra-product specialization on the high efficiency of the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,intra-product specialization produces technology diffusion effect,advanced factors of production accumulation effect and economics of scale,which are helpful to high efficiency upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.In terms of the impacts of intra-product specialization on servitization of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,on the one hand,it produces market competition effect and enterprise innovation effect,which is beneficial to improving servitization of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,while on the other hand,the low-end lock-in effect,produced by the captive type of global value chain governance and strategic isolating mechanism of multinational companies,is inconducive to the servitization of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.In terms of the impacts of intra-product specialization on high-end upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,it produces technological leaping effect and upgrading effect of industrial structure,which have a positive impact on high-end upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.However,it also produces path dependence effect,which is inconducive to the sustainable high-end upgrading.Thus,participating in intra-product specialization is a double-edged sword for the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,which has both positive and negative effects.Thirdly,seen from the empirical research results of intra-product specialization’s influence on the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,intraproduction specialization has significant positive effect on high efficiency upgrading of equipment manufacturing industry.The influence of intra-product specialization on servitization of equipment manufacturing industry is shown as positive effect in the early stage and the negative effect in the later stage.There is a long-term and stably cointegrated relationship between the participation level of intra-product specialization and the level of high-end upgrading,which indicates that intra-product specialization has positive influence on high-end upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.Therefore,on the one hand,China should continue to speed up high efficiency upgrading and high-end upgrading of equipment manufacturing industry by improving the participation level of intra-product specialization,on the other hand,it should be vigilant of intra-product specialization’s risk and negative influence on servitization of equipment manufacturing industry.Finally,the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry against the background of intra-product specialization is restrained by related international and domestic factors.Seen from the international restrictive factors,the reindustrialization strategies of developed countries strengthen their inherent competition advantages,and increases the difficulty for equipment manufacturing industry rising to the high-end of global value chain.The rises of processing trade in some developing countries represented by Southeast Asian countries speed up weakening the comparative advantage of China’s labor force,and makes domestic original equipment manufacturers face severe tests of survival.Seen from the domestic restrictive factors,the internal impetus of the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry is insufficient.There are problems such as autonomous innovation ability is weak,the supporting effect of producer services on the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry is limited,human capital is insufficient and structural layer of human capital is low,which restrain China’s equipment manufacturing industry from promoting the position in intra-product specialization.Innovation of this thesis is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:(1)In this thesis,the theoretical analysis of the upgrading of equipment manufacturing industry against the background of intra-product specialization is innovative.On the basis of the existing domestic and foreign researches,this thesis discusses the types of the upgrading of equipment manufacturing industry and the ways of realization against the background of intra-product specialization,and puts forward that taking high efficiency upgrading,servitization,and high-end upgrading of equipment manufacturing industry as the ways of realizing technological upgrading,functional upgrading,and inter-sectoral upgrading.The existing researches pay more attention to technological upgrading and functional upgrading against the background of intra-product specialization,but the theoretical analysis of inter-sectoral upgrading is not deep and systematic enough.In this thesis,the three upgrading types are comprehensively studied,and the influence mechanisms of intra-product specialization on high efficiency upgrading,servitization,and high-end upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry are discussed respectively,which is conducive to the systematic and theoretical studies of the influence of intra-product specialization on the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.(2)This thesis builds panel data models and vector error correction model,comprehensively studies the influence of intra-product specialization on high efficiency upgrading,servitization,and high-end upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry through empirical researches.There are many empirical researches on the impact of intra-product specialization on high efficiency upgrading,but there are less empirical researches on the impact of intra-product specialization on servitization and high-end upgrading of equipment manufacturing industry,and there are even fewer empirical researches on servitization and high-end upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.This thesis uses panel data of equipment manufacturing industry to build models,and empirically analyzes the influence of intra-product specialization on high efficiency upgrading and servitization of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.It also uses time series data to build vector error correction model,and empirically analyzes the influence of intra-product specialization on highend upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,which is helpful in comprehensively studying the influence of intra-product specialization on the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.(3)This thesis draws new conclusions and puts forward targeted and feasible policy proposals.Most literatures take industry or manufacturing industry as the object of research,draw wide-ranging and general conclusions by theoretical and empirical researches,while few literatures draw comprehensive and specific research conclusions on different upgrading ways of China’s equipment manufacturing industry.The results of this thesis show that improving the participation of intra-product specialization is conducive to promoting high efficiency upgrading and high-end upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,but the impacts of intra-product specialization on servitization of China’s equipment manufacturing industry is shown as positive effect in the early stage and negative effect in the later stage.On that basis,this thesis takes into consideration the development dilemma,restrictive factors and industrial development goals of China’s equipment manufacturing industry against the background of intra-product specialization,and proposes targeted and feasible policy proposals which is of guiding significance for further promoting the upgrading of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,especially the servitization. |
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