| With the development of world economy and science and technology,in most developed economies,the contribution of manufacturing to GDP and employment has been steadily declining.As China's largest developing country in the world,the contribution of the manufacturing industry to national economic growth shows the same trend.At the key points of the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing enterprises and the pursuit of high-quality development,"Made in China 2025" and"Special Action Guidelines for the Development of Service-oriented Manufacturing"point out the direction for China's manufacturing enterprises to implement a service-oriented strategy.Servitization enables manufacturing enterprises to create new vertical revenue streams in the whole product life cycle,improve profit margins and achieve greater differentiation,so it has become an important strategic measure for enterprises to improve quality and efficiency.At the same time,with the continuous development of information technology,data is being generated at an unprecedented speed.The availability and immediacy of data make it an important resource for enterprises.Matching enterprise information technology strategy with business strategy can better facilitate the development of enterprises.For manufacturing enterprises,IT-business strategy alignment helps enterprises identify user needs and preferences,and provides technical and process support for enterprises to enrich service content and service innovation.In the past,the analysis of the occurrence mechanism of servitization has internal integration,external integration and hybrid integration,but they failed to pay attention to servitization in manufacturing enterprises from the perspective of matching environment,strategy and structure.Combined with the impact of information technology development on IT strategy and the impact of user demand fluctuation and upgrade on business strategy,the research on the impact and mechanism of IT-business strategy alignment on servitization can better guide the manufacturing enterprises practice.Based on the above realistic background and theoretical background,the research focuses on manufacturing companies in service transformation.On the basis of sorting out the existing literature,based on the strategic synergy theory,configuration theory and dynamic capability theory,the following contents were studied:Firstly,based on the transformation of manufacturing enterprises from production-oriented manufacturing to service-oriented manufacturing,the connotation of servitization is enriched,and the dimensions of servitization and the measurement scale under the Chinese context are constructed accordingly.According to the research,servitization in manufacturing enterprises is not only a cross-border innovation in which enterprises integrate resources and capabilities to respond to consumer demand upgrades,but also a transformation process in which enterprises move their positions in the value chain and promote value chain upgrades.On the basis of sorting out the existing literature,the research regards the existing service types and service contents as the origin,and observes how the enterprise enriches the service contents or service types and divides the service into two types:derivative servitization and novel servitization.Among them,derivative servitization is an innovative process in which an enterprise adds new elements or develops new service contents to the service provision without changing the existing service delivery type.Novel servitization is a strategic transformation process in which enterprises orchestrate disparate product and service elements through the organic allocation of complex resources and capabilities to provide customers with customized services or integrated solutions on a large scale.The research also carried out reliability test and validity test on the twice survey data,purified and improved the measurement questions of servitization,and finally determined the measurement scale of servitization of manufacturing enterprises under the Chinese situation.Secondly,by using the configuration theory and the strategic synergy theory,this paper explains how to give full play to the synergic advantage of strategic matching in the manufacturing enterprises with new and weak characteristics in the transition period,and makes up for the lack of analysis on the synergic effect of different strategic matching in previous studies.The research believes that IT-business strategy alignment is the degree of consistency between IT strategy and business strategy,and is an important component of enterprise strategy configuration,which can be divided into intellectual alignment and social alignment.Among them,intellectual alignment refers to the state in which an enterprise's existing IT and business strategy are interrelated,while social alignment refers to the state in which business and IT managers understand,commit to and jointly commit to the mission,goal and plan of the business and information system.The empirical results show that both intellectual alignment and social alignment have significant positive effects on servitization of manufacturing enterprisesFinally,the dynamic capability theory is used to explain how the resource integration capability of manufacturing enterprises can match the target needs in the servitization process,analyze how enterprises should solve the adaptability requirements of cross-border innovation to capabilities in the context of servitization transformation,and enrich the research on the path mechanism of dynamic capability to servitization from the perspective of integration.The research explores the process mechanism of IT-business strategy alignment through strategic agility and resource integration capability,which in turn affects the service-oriented manufacturing enterprise.Service transformation requires enterprises to purposefully create,extend and modify their current capability base which is closely related to manufacturing,so as to better match their capabilities with the provision and delivery of services.From the perspective of dynamic capability,it can be explained that IT-business strategy alignment support manufacturing enterprises to reshape the organizational structure and resource base to adapt to the changing market environment,and thus play a role in the process of enterprise servitization.At the same time,dynamic capability,as a high-level capbility to modify,reconstruct and improve the basic capabilities,will have an impact on an enterprise's operational capabilities.Based on this,the study explores the chain intermediary role played by strategic agility and resource integration capability between IT-business strategy alignment and servitization.The empirical results show that the resource identification and acquisition capability based on strategic agility plays a more significant role in the derivative servitization,but it is difficult to maintain the novel servitization process.At the same time,the resource allocation and leverage capability based on strategic agility has a significant effect on the novel servitization,but has no effect on the derivative servitization.Combining the theory of strategic synergy theory,configuration and dynamic capability theory,the study constructed from IT-business strategy alignment to strategic agility,to resources integration capbility and finally to servitization,try to explain how the external market environment changes cause enterprise competence evolution and improve enterprise market response speed and quality,the process of extending the application of the theory of configuration,opened the black box of the process of IT-business strategy alignment affecting servitization.At the same time,by finding the effect of different kinds of capbilities,enrich the research on the relationship between dynamic capabilities and servitization in manufacturing enterprises.The empirical results show that servitization in manufacturing enterprises is not only the cross-border innovation of enterprises to integrate resources and capabilities to cope with the upgrading of consumer demand,but also the transformation process of enterprises to move their positions in the value chain and promote the upgrading of the value chain.Different dimensions of IT-business strategy alignment have significant positive influence on different types of manufacturing enterprise servitization.The change of the external environment is an important starting point for the improvement of the enterprise's capability,while the fulcrum for leveraging the operational capability foundation is the dynamic capability of the enterprise.The expansion and upgrading of operational capability are a necessary condition for enterprises to agilely capture,absorb,and apply diversified information.The upgrading and evolution of the enterprise's operation ability guided by the market demand is beneficial for the enterprise to better respond to the needs of users.Through the continuous adjustment and optimization of the operation process,the enterprise's capabilities are consistent with the value added of users.Based on the background of the informationization development booster manufacturers to seek high quality,strategic synergy theory,configuration theory and dynamic capability theory,on the basis of conceptual definition and dimensional division of the servitization in manufacturing enterprises,constructed a theoretical model for the servitization in manufacturing enterprises from IT-business strategy alignment through the chain process of strategic agility and resource integration capability.The research has the following implications:firstly,the manufacturing enterprises must pay attention to business strategy adjustments and information technology changes in time to achieve IT dynamic matching with business strategy.Building an IT infrastructure that matches the business strategy can enable companies to maintain the sensitivity to the information and resources needed to achieve their strategic goals,timely and effectively execute and coordinate internal and external information,resources and activities,and respond to market changes quickly and efficiently.Secondly,the manufacturing enterprises implementing service transformation should timely adjust the incentive mechanism,rules and regulations according to the enterprise servitization goal,and strive for different departments to form a consensus understanding and cognition on the realization of the servitization goal,so that the internal mechanism of the enterprise can match the business strategic goal.Effective regulation adjustment and complete supporting incentive mechanism can improve the effectiveness of inter-departmental cooperation,strengthen internal interaction,information sharing and knowledge co-creation,promote the generation and improvement of service innovation ideas,and improve the degree of joint participation and contribution of each department in the process of new service development.Thirdly,in the process of servitization,manufacturing enterprises not only need to better understand the needs of users and the source of value creation,but also need to actively adjust the organizational structure and improve the operational capbility of enterprises through dynamic capability.Fourthly,on the basis of effectively identifying user needs and preferences,comprehensive measurement of enterprise operational capability can help manufacturing enterprises develop appropriate servitization strategies.It has been found that different operational capabilities will have a differentiated impact on servitization.Therefore,the formulation of enterprise servitization strategy should not only take user demand as the standard,but also consider what kind of servitization is supported by the enterprise's operational capabilities,and ultimately achieve precise servitization. |
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