Diversified Development And Comparative Analysis Of Organizational Form Of Agricultural Industrialization

Why are there many different organizational forms in the practice of agricultural industrialization?From the existing theory,it has formed three important analytical paradigms:the individual centralism analytical paradigm represented by property right theory and transaction cost theory,the network centralism analytical paradigm represented by social mosaic theory and structural hole theory,and the environmental centralism analytical paradigm represented by organizational system theory and population ecology theory.The three analytical paradigm can give a concise and powerful explanation to the organizational phenomenon of industrialization,but all adopt a relatively one-sided processing strategy,that is,emphasizing the decisive significance of transaction cost and individual utility,relation and interaction network,external environment and legitimacy to industrial organization process,so it is necessary to make a theoretical integration.In the process of promoting the analysis of agricultural industrial organization process from determinism to mutual construction,the organizational ecological perspective has important instructive.Based on the organizational ecological perspective,the organizational form of agricultural industrialization can be regarded as an ecosystem.First of all,any organizational ecosystem is constructed by the environment.The difference of the external environment of agricultural industrialization is mainly constructed by the market(the government creates the consistency of the external environment),and the market structure becomes the key factor that affects organizational form of agricultural industrialization.In this connection,introducing the variables of standardization of products and the scale of supply and demand,we can analyze the the organizational form of agricultural industrialization from the product’s sale link.Secondly,the actors constructed by the environment still have the ability to make choices,and influence the organizational ecosystem through the initiative function.This influence mainly occurs in the labour process.In this connection,taking the degree of separation between household labour and production technology as the variable,we can analyze the the organizational form of agricultural industrialization from the product’s production link.Thirdly,in order to ensure the long-term and effective operation of the ecosystem based on the interest of consistency rather than the common goal,it is necessary to create a certain relationship or consensus system,and the social capital becomes another important factor affecting organizational form of agricultural industrialization.From the aspects of relationship,trust and social norms,we can focus the social capital’s operating mechanism,and analyze the organization relationship’s maintenance of agricultural operators in the above production/sale link.The analysis index system,which was constructed by market structure,labour process and social capital,can explain the influencing factors and generating logic of organizational form of Agricultural industrializationOn this basis,according to the level of organization,the organizational form distribution of agricultural industrialization is regarded as continuous spectrum,then the pure market transaction and the complete enterprise production are the endpoints of continuous spectrum,and based on the complexity of transaction and difficulty of performance evaluation,the middle-layer organizational forms between two endpoints can be classified in three ideal types of the organizational forms of agricultural industrialization:the loose organization,the semi-intensive organization,and the intensive organization.The example of agricultural industrialization of S county in northern Jiangsu shows that,the different type of the organizational form of agricultural industrialization can produce its agricultural product effectively,and bring the product into the market to realize its value.In the organizational process of nursery stock industry in Y town,because of the low degree of standardization of products,the low degree of scale of supply and demand and the high degree of union between household labor and production technology,it formed the loose organization in the form of "Broker+Household",and social capital plays a central organizational role in it.In the organizational process of strawberry industry in M town,due to the moderate degree of standardization of products,the moderate degree of scale of supply and demand and a certain degree of separation between household labor and production technology,it formed the semi-intensive organization in the form of "Cooperative of big household leading+Household",and social capital and contract regulation are complemented each other in it.In the organizational process of commodity goose industry in T town,due to the high degree of standardization of products,scale of supply and demand and separation between household labor and production technology,it formed the intensive organization in the form of "Enterprise+Household",and social capital plays an auxiliary organizational role in it.It can be seen that,with the transition of organizational forms of agricultural industrialization from intensive type to semi-intensive type to loose type,the degree of standardization of products,scale of supply and demand and separation between household labor and production technology is getting lower and lower,and the importance of social capital operation is getting higher and higher.That is,the generation logic of organizational forms of agricultural industrialization presents a certain regularity.Further understanding,there is no hierarchical order among various organization forms of agricultural industrialization,and the higher compactness degree of organization forms does not mean that the organizational form is more advanced and more efficient.Whether different types of organization forms of agricultural industrialization is efficient depends not on what kind of organizational advantages they have,but on the functioning condition of the organizational functions.The specific condition corresponds to the specific organizational process of agricultural industry,and then shape the specific organization form.Therefore,in the practice of agricultural industrialization,we cannot simply pursue highly-organized and simply promote some typical models,such as"Cooperative+Household" and "Leading enterprises+Household",and on the basis of the sufficient consideration of market structure environment and the degree of separation between household labor and production technology,we should choose the organizational form of agricultural industrialization according to local conditions.The analysis of agricultural industrial organization process from the sale link and the production link is an expansion of the transaction cost theory.Transcending a single-dimensional understanding of organization phenomena and process can show the flexibility of organizational forms of agricultural industrialization.The organizatonal form can be analyzed from different dimensions which are detachable,it has multi-dimensional organization boundaries and multiplicity of organization scales,so as to inject new vitality into the theoretical research of organization.