| The accurate identification of poverty,targeted poverty alleviation and rapid poverty elimination are the historic strategic measures in China.It is not only necessary but also urgent to study the precise measure of poverty,the selection of poverty alleviation path and the performance evaluation of poverty alleviation.The accurate identification of poverty is not only the premise of real fast poverty alleviation,but also the key to poverty alleviation.On the basis of absorbing the previous researches,the improved A-F model was used to perform the multidimensional poverty measure to accurately identify the poor individuals.At the same time,the multionmial probit model was used to analyze the difference between the multidimensional poverty measure and subjective evaluation of others for further identifying the causes of individual poverty.Subsequently,from the perspective of multidimensional poverty,based on the regional and individual characteristics,the suitable and effective poverty alleviation path for the poor subject was set up to provide an important path guarantee for its rapid out of poverty.Based on the systemic poverty alleviation work,we seized the key link in the process of poverty alleviation work and performed the performance evaluation mainly from the life circumstance of poor individuals,the satisfaction to the poverty alleviation work and the sustainable development ability.The main contents of this study included as follows:On the basis of the definition of poverty concept at domestic and abroad,the literature of poverty measure,poverty alleviation path and performance evaluation were reviewed.The theory of common prosperity,path theory and performance theory were used as the theoretical support points and methods of analysis and research.This paper systematically analyzed the poverty characteristics,major policies and measures for poverty alleviation and implementation effect at different historical periods after the founding of the People’s Republic of China,especially expounded the current situation and problems of poverty in our country.The analysis showed that the substantial reduction of the poverty population is mainly attributable to the liberated productive forces by the economic system reform,the good trickle-down effect caused by the rapid economic development,the constant expanding of the poverty alleviation path,and the constant precision focusing on the object of poverty alleviation.At present,the main problems faced by the poverty alleviation include as follows:the regional economic development is uneven;some places are still deep in poverty;only the income is identified as the criterion of poverty;there is lack of systematic cognition of the poverty causes;it is hard to accurately set up the poverty alleviation path;and the performance evaluation should be further scientific.This paper vertically compared the poverty standards of our country in different historical periods and horizontally compared them with those in other countries at the same period.After comparing the single-dimensional poverty measure and multidimensional poverty measure,the improved A-F multidimensional poverty measure model was firstly established.At the same time,a multidimensional poverty measure index system covering 5 dimensions of health,education,living conditions,employment and income and 15 indicators,was constructed.The A city was taken as an example to make an empirical analysis.The incidence of multidimensional poverty,multidimensional poverty index,the incidence of single-dimensional poverty of each index and its contribution to poverty were obtained,which embodied the scientificity,effectiveness and operability of the accurate identification of poverty.Subsequently,based on the difference between the improved multidimensional measure results of A-F model and the subjective judgment of others on the poverty of the research object in the actual process.The multinomial probit model was used to carry out the valuation regression and marginal effect regression analysis.Taking the annual per capital income as the dependent variable,the OLS regression and multidigit regression analysis were carried out to test the robustness of differential analysis.Through the regression analysis on the difference between the multidimensional poverty measure results and the subjective judgment of others,the influences of the individual characteristic variables and family characteristic variables on the poverty were investigated so as to provide an important basis for the selection of poverty alleviation path.On the basis of clarifying the target and influencing factors of poverty alleviation path,the individual poverty was fundamentally solved from the perspective of multidimensional poverty.The multidimensional measures were proposed as follows:improve the income level of poor individual with special industries;adopt the education poverty alleviation to raise the human capital level of poor individual;use the healthy poverty alleviation to reduce the uncertainty of health impact;improve the living environment of poor individual and its ability to get opportunities through relocation;and provide a basic life guarantee for the special poor individuals by the government.Because the performance evaluation has a strong traction and orientation on the poverty alleviation work,the performance evaluation index system for poverty alleviation based on the factor analysis method was established.The performance evaluation on the poverty alleviation work in the counties of A city was conducted through the factor analysis method to obtain the comprehensive ranking and the single ranking of each county on three common factors including the living situation,poor individuals’ satisfaction to poverty alleviation,and poor individuals’ sustainable development.The analysis showed that the proposed performance evaluation index system was highly targeted and scientific,which is of practical significance to strengthen the performance management of the poverty-stricken subjects. |
