| "Supporting and standardizing the establishment of vocational education and training by social forces,encouraging the development of joint-stock and mixed ownership vocational colleges and various vocational training institutions" has become the direction and strong voice of the pluralistic pattern of vocational education construction in China.In the field of higher vocational education,state-owned assets and nongovernmental assets seem to be difficult to coexist.However,the successful operation of mixed-ownership vocational colleges makes the synergy between them clear.How to realize the co-operation and co-governance between the two sides in the mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges and find the balance of co-operation according to the different interests of stakeholders will not only help the higher vocational colleges get rid of the development predicament,but also help the real realization of the integration of production and education in higher vocational education.Mixed ownership,as a new mode of school operation,is very attractive to higher vocational colleges,and has a growing trend of prosperity.However,few higher vocational colleges really develop with high quality along the track of mixed ownership.This paper focuses on the mode selection,framework design and system construction of cooperative governance in mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges,which based on the era demand of deepening the policy orientation and path optimization of higher vocational education reform,the theoretical pursuit of modernization and sublimation of governance system and governance ability of higher vocational colleges,and the practical desire of reengineering the cooperative governance model of mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges.On the basis of previous scholars' research,on the one hand,this research follows the general paradigm of modern humanities and social sciences research to find,analyze and solve problems,adopts the methodology of social investigation research,and focuses on the current situation,existing problems and possible breakthroughs of cooperative governance in mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges;on the other hand,it broadens the research perspectives and reconstructs research framework through multiple subjects,while the game equilibrium theory in economics is used to study the game mechanism and equilibrium strategy of cooperative governance in mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges.On this basis,the model reconstruction and mechanism guarantee of cooperative governance in mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges are put forward.Specific research work is as follows:The first is based on the background of comprehensive reform and development of vocational education,based on literature analysis,the core concepts of research issues are defined,and the focus of this research task is defined.Second,on the basis of research review and theoretical analysis,the connotation and characteristics of cooperative governance in mixed-ownership vocational colleges are explained,and based on this,the multi-participation association and analysis framework of co-governance is constructed.Third,based on empirical analysis and discussion,the research investigates the current situation of co-governance in mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges,to peel cocoons and draw silks,focusing on the perspective and attribution of the problems existing in the governance.Fourth,focusing on the conditions and types of game,content and types,clarify the relations of co-governance in mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges.Fifth,the research defines the game hypothesis and equilibrium strategy in the process of cooperative governance of mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges through mathematical relations,and puts forward the construction basis of game equilibrium optimization of mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges.Sixth,the research focuses on the relevant subjects' participation,such as government,teachers,students etc.Then design the model framework of multi-subject cooperative governance.Seventh,based on the construction of cooperative governance model,the research puts forward the guarantee mechanism of cooperative governance in mixed ownership higher vocational colleges.Through basic theoretical research,empirical research,problem and cause research,game mechanism research,equilibrium strategy research,model construction research,and security mechanism research,the following conclusions are drawn:Firstly,from the theoretical point of view,the cooperative governance ofmixed-ownership higher vocational colleges has profound connotation,and derives five characteristics and four values.The connotation of cooperative governance in mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges can be condensed as follows: in the governance of mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges,different subjects of ownership governance should be included,and in order to coordinate the interests of these different subjects of governance,we should advocate "cooperative governance",which is,through the joint participation of different subjects of governance,collective decision-making,consensus formation and implementation is undertaken to promote fairness and efficiency,in order to meet the needs of the public and promote the development of higher vocational colleges.Cooperative governance in mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges has five essential characteristics: pluralism of governance subjects,consistency of governance objectives,governance mode,sustainability of governance process,selectivity of governance content,and four value demands:inclusiveness and openness,multi-participation,linkage and high efficiency,work-integrated learning.Secondly,from the realistic situation,there are four representations,three problems and five attributions in the cooperative governance of mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges.The survey results show that insufficient willingness,different motivation,unclear system,and unclear rights and responsibilities present in cooperative governance of multi-subject participation.An in-depth analysis reveals that there are three deep problems existing as follows: insufficient motivation,irregular path and poor mechanism.The reasons to these problems are: the difference of objectives,the discreteness of powers and responsibilities,the fragmentation of resources,the absence of policies,and the mechanization of mechanisms.Thirdly,from the perspective of game mechanism,there are two inter-relationships,four game contents,three game conditions and two game types,which is static and dynamic,in the cooperative governance of mixed ownership higher vocational colleges.There are two kinds of relationships: cooperation and conflict,independence and dependence.Under the three conditions of inconsistent value pursuit,inconsistent interest demands and inconsistent action modes,static and dynamic games are launched around the four contents of interests,power,rights and risks.Fourthly,from the perspective of game dynamics,there are three dynamic game relationships under the hypothesis of game among cooperative governance subjects of mixed ownership higher vocational colleges.Assuming that the three main bodies ofstate-owned capital,non-state-owned capital and government supervision department play a dynamic game in the order of state-owned capital action,non-state-owned capital action and government supervision agency action,the probability of state-owned capital encroachment is inversely proportional to the degree of punishment,and has a positive correlation with the cost of investigation and punishment of supervision department.The cost of appeal for infringement is positively correlated with the recoverable interests of non-state-owned capital in litigation,the payment of compensation facing the initiation of litigation,and the possible compensation for penalty gains;the probability of detection of embezzlement by regulators is inversely correlated with the degree of punishment and the loss of litigation compensation faced by non-state-owned capital.Fifthly,from the perspective of game strategy,the main body of cooperative governance in mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges can establish a dynamic equilibrium strategy based on value basis and system basis.In order to promote the formation of a balanced,coordinated and even linked governance relationship among the main bodies,the main bodies should adopt a balanced strategy,which integrates their own and other interests,measures short-term and long-term interests,grasps the economic and social benefits,and constructs the corresponding institutional basis from the aspects of organizational structure,responsibilities,powers and evaluation criteria.Sixthly,from the perspective of synergistic effect,the main body of cooperative governance in mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges should design the framework and reengineer the model based on four principles and three mechanisms.Based on the four principles of benefit sharing,pluralistic co-governance,clear responsibilities and rights,and open governance,with the three mechanisms of government-led social participation,pluralistic subject's appeal recognition and power-responsibility coordination,the main body of cooperative governance should systematically integrate and optimize the allocation of co-dominated resources through collaboration,consultation and conspiracy,and in accordance with common contract rules.Cooperative governance promotes multi-agents to form a balanced situation on the basis of full game,and on the basis of identifying and measuring the gap between the balanced situation and the established goal,promotes fine-tuning and compromise within the self-organization of the governance system,and then ensure the realization of collaborative governance goal.Seventhly,from the perspective of policy recommendations,the cooperative governance of mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges needs a good legalenvironment and institutional ecology.In order to construct a good legal environment and institutional ecology for the cooperative governance of mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges,the legal,regulatory and policy support system should be improved,the role of the governing body should be clarified,the responsibilities and powers of the cooperative governance body should be scientifically defined,the interests coordination and rights protection system should be improved.The governance of mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges involves multiple subjects,which not only brings vitality and advantages,but also challenges and problems.As long as we find appropriate strategies,we can turn danger into safety and risk into peace.Cooperative governance of mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges involves government,higher vocational colleges,enterprises,trade associations,social organizations and other governance subjects.In the process of contradiction movement and game,they are constantly playing dynamic games in interests,powers,rights,risks,etc.Because of the inherent inconsistency of interest demands,value pursuit and action logic,these constraints lead to the existence of game dilemma,and also make it difficult for mixed ownership vocational colleges to get out of the dilemma of cooperative governance.If the game strategy is improved,each subject can reach consensus on the basis of the statute requirements,release the potential of autonomous governance,then maximize the governance efficiency,and reach the best equilibrium point in the game process.Even if the structure is dissipated,it can move around the equilibrium point in an orderly way,which proves that the strategy is to safeguard the interests of overall parties or separate parties.Based on the dynamic equilibrium strategy of multi-game theory,it is the best choice to improve and reengineer the governance model,process remodeling and mechanism innovation of mixed ownership informing institutions,which is the best path and operation choice to achieve the goal of co-governance and sharing in mixed ownership higher vocational colleges.On the basis of the dynamic equilibrium strategies derived from multi-game,to improve and rebuild the governance model,remodel processes and innovate mechanism,are the path choices and operation choices done by the mixed-ownership higher vocational colleges.It is expected that the research based on this analysis paradigm and governance model will be further deepened to serve as the educational governance system,to make more contributions to the modernization of governance capacity. |
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