Effect Of Different Exercise Programs On Body Composition And Glycolipid Metabolism Intervention In Boys With Obesity

The Purpose and Significance of Research:In recent years,the incidence of childhood obesity in China has been growing rapidly.Childhood obesity will induce various cardiovascular diseases,which will seriously affect children health.The purpose of this study were:?1?the effects of interval training with the same training form and different training intensitites on body compositon and glycolipid metabolism of obese boys;?2?the effect of continuous training with the same training form and different training volumes on body composition and glycolipid metabolism of obese boys;?3?the effect of interval and continuous training with the same energy expenditure on body composition and glycolipid metabolism of obese boys;?4?to compare the effects of interval and continuous training programs on body composition and glycolipid metabolism indicators of boys with different obesity degrees,to provide theoretical and experimental basis for exercise intervention on childhood obesity,and to provide reference for formulating scientific and reasonable exercise prescription for weight loss for children with different degrees of obesity.The Contents and Experimental Results of Research:Recruit 75 obese boys aged 10-13?child and adolescent overweight and obesity screening according to the standard?.Subjects meeting the obesity critieria were numbered according to BMI and randomly coded by SPSS software?V 20.0;SPSS Inc.,Chicago,IL,USA?and then assigned to the following 5 groups:high-intensity interval training group?HIIT,Coded A01-A15?,moderate-intensity interval training group?MIIT,Coded B01-B15?,high volume moderate-intensity continuous training group?MICT-H,Coded C01-C15?,low volume moderate-intensity continuous training group?MICT-L,Coded D01-D15?and control group?CON,Coded E01-E15?.Each group with 15 paticipants,for 12 weeks,three times per week exercise intervention.Obesity degrees according to BMI,and according to the subjects'health state and 20-m shuttle run test of maximal aerobic speed?MAS?as a result,to determined each paticipants'training protocol for personalized.Using Polar belt to monitoring the heart rate during training process.Before and after the experimental intervention,the national students'physical health monitoriing standards and the internatiional general laboratory method were used to measure the body composition indicators,include BMI,body fat percentage?BF%?,body fat mass?BF?,fat free mass?FFM?and visceral adipose tissue?VAT?,etc.,and the glycolipid metabolism indicators of the morning fasting,such as triglycerides?TG?,total cholesterol?TC?,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol?HDL-C?,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol?LDL-C?,fasting blood glucose?FBG?,fasting insulin?FINS?,etc.SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data before and after intervention.All the measured results were tested for the normality of the distribution by Kolmogorov–Smirnov test,and Levene's was tested for the homogeneity of the variance.The data of the normality distribution were presented in form of Mean±SD.Data with non-normal distribution were presented by median values(P₂₅,P₇₅).Data converted into normal distribution or approximately normal by logarithm for analysis if not confroming to norm distribution.Using general linear model univariate to analyze body composition,cardiorespiratory fitness,heart rate,blood pressure and glycolipid metabolism indicators,and compare factors?different group?and the effect of factors within the group?before and after the intervention?,used a simple effect analysis when the interaction of group×time was significant?P<0.05?.One-way analysis of variance?One-way ANOVA?was used to compare the magnitude of changes in various indicators before and after the intervention.Bonferroni was used for pairwise comparison and post-hoc test.For the test results,P<0.05 was set to be significant,and P<0.01 was set to be very significant.Results:?1?Compared with the baseline value,HIIT protocol significantly improved the body composition of obese boys?BMI,FM,WC and VAT,P<0.05?.Compared with MIIT,HIIT had a better effect on BMI?P<0.05?and FM?P<0.05?of obese boys.HIIT had a better effect on body weight?P<0.01?,BMI?P<0.05?,WC?P<0.05?and VAT?P<0.01?.HIIT protocol has a significant intenvention effect on glycolipid metabolism indicators?such as FBG,FINS,HOMA-IR and HbA1c,P<0.05?.MIIT had no significant intervention effect on glycolipid metabolism indicators.Compared with the MIIT protoocol,HIIT had significant intervention effect on LDL-C?-0.25mmol/L,P<0.01?,HDL-C?0.15 mmol/L,P<0.01?,FBG?-0.39 mmol/L,P<0.01?and HbA1c?-0.24%,P<0.01?.In addition,the HIIT protocol with MAS as the intensity standard had good retention rate?82%?and exercise adherence rate?85%?,and no adverse events occurred during the training.?2?Compared to baseline values,MICT-H protocol significantly improved the body composition of obese boys?BMI,BF%and FM,P<0.01?,lipid metabolism parameters LDL-C,and Apo-B,P<0.01)and glucose metabolism parameters?FINS,P<0.01,HOMA-IR,P<0.05 and HbA1c,P<0.01?.However,MICT-L protocol only reduced BMI?P<0.05?and had no significant effect on the indicators of glycolipid metabolism.However,from the perspective of the change amplitude of each indicators after training,MICT-L also had a good effect.The effect of MICT-H protocol on weight loss?-1.6 kg,P<0.01?,body fat loss?-1.7 kg,P<0.01?and improvement of glucose metabolism parameters?P<0.01?in obese boys was greater than that of MICT-L.?3?Compared to baseline value,HIIT and MICT-E with the matched energy expenditure had similar effects on the improvement of body composition in obese boys.Both HIIT and MICT-E reduced BMI?P<0.01?and FM?P<0.05?,but HIIT had a better effect on reducing VAT?-53 g,P<0.05?,while MICT-E had a greater effect on reducing BF%?-3.8%,P<0.01?.In addition,HIIT protocol also had significant effect on LDL-C?-0.33 mmol/L,P<0.01?,FBG?-0.48 mmol/L,P<0.01?,FINS?-2.7?IU/mL,P 0.05?,HOMA-IR?-0.78,P<0.05?and HbA1c?-0.33,P<0.01?of obese boys.MICT-E only improved FINS?-2.8?IU/Ml,P<0.05?.Compared with MICT-E,HIIT protocol had better effect on reducing WC,VAT and FBG,and increasing HDL-C in obese boys.?4?The number and proportion of HIIT,MIIT,MICT-H and MICT-L protocols to improve the degree of obesity were:12?100%?,8?62%?,10?83%?,and 9?64%?.The improvement effect of obesity as follows:HIIT>MICT-H>MICT-L>MIIT;the improvement rate of glycolipid metabolism abnormality indicators of exercise intervention is 68.8%,and the improvement effect as follow:HIIT>MICT-H>MIIT>MICT-L;The effect of interval training on VAT reduction and FFM increase in moderate and severe obese boys was greater than that of continuous training.MICT-H reduces the TC effect of moderately obese boys better than that of severely obese boys;HIIT increases the HDL-C effect of severely obese boys better than moderately obese,and reduces the effect of LDL-C more than moderate obesity;Severe obese boys TG and moderately obese boys LDL-C have significant intervention effects,while MICT-H can improve LDL-C of severely obese boys.From the effect of intervention on glucose metabolism indicators,the improvement effect?-38%?of MICT-H on severe obesity children was better than other groups.MIIT only affects moderately obese boys,and MICT-L only has an intervention effect on glucose metabolism indicators of severely obese boys.Conclusions:1.Twelve weeks,four kinds of HIIT,MIIT,MICT-H and MICT-L programs with different exercise intensity and exercise time three times a week have optimized the body composition of obese boys aged 10¹3 years.Among them,the HIIT program has a greater effect on the reduction of visceral adipose tissue in obese children,and the MICT-H has a more significant effect on the reduction of body fat percentage in obese children.2.For obese boys aged 10-13 with abdominal fat accumulation or high body fat percentage acompany with abnormal glycolipid metabolism,the HIIT program with exercise intensity at 100%MAS and interval time of 15 seconds is recommended.For obese boys with high body fat percentage or high BMI but no abnormal glycolipid,the MICT Program with exercise intensity at 80%MAS and duration at least 30 minutes is recommended.