Research On Historical Evolution And Promoting Strategy Of Basic National Policy Of Gender Equality In China

The basic national policy of gender equality is a long-term and fundamental general policy and progression pattern with Chinese characteristics.Developed by Chinese Communist Party(CCP)under the guidance of Marxist Feminist Theory,this policy combines the gender equality with China's social development,so as to promote the cause of gender equality in China in the form of state highest policy.Over the past two decades,from proposal to establishment,from a government commitment to a constantly improved and increasingly abundant operating system,the basic national policy of gender equality has been playing a crucial role in promoting the gender equality in China.After entering the new era,the Party Central Committee led by Xi Jinping has put forward new views and requirements on how to further implement the basic national policy of gender equality from the overall strategic perspective of realizing Two Centenary Goals and the China Dream of great national rejuvenation.Therefore,systematical arrangement of the historical course of the basic national policy of gender equality in China and exploration of strategies to further promote the development of the basic national policy of gender equality are not only the inevitable requirement of building a moderately well-off society in the new era,but also the main idea of “perfecting and implementing the system and mechanism of the basic national policy of gender equality”.Moreover,while striving to break through the existing research limitations and combine history with reality,micro with macro,problem orientation with strategy construction,the research on the basic national policy of gender equality is carried out from the perspective of the development and change in the Party and the state's understanding of gender equality,women's development needs,the generation and construction of the basic national policy of gender equality and system and the settlement of some prominent problems such as gender equality.This paper consists of five parts:By means of sorting out and summarizing the concept of gender equality proposed by Marxist classic writers,Mao Zedong's thoughts on gender equality,and the view on gender equality mentioned by the Party and state leaders since the reform and opening up,the first part theoretically clarifies the Marxist writers and Chinese Communists' cognition on the social attributes of “woman question”,women's social status and role,and the changes in relationship between women's development and social progress.Meanwhile,it reveals the core composition,staged characteristics and new development of these ideological theories,so as to elaborate on the theoretical foundation of the basic national policy of gender equality.The second part discusses the great practice implemented by the CCP in promoting the gender equality during the periods of the new-democratic revolution,the socialist revolution and construction,and the early days of reform and opening up.In particular,it looks back to the CPC's important initiatives in facilitating gender equality and national development through laws and policies in various historical periods,and then uncovers CCP's promotion of the continuation and development of gender equality by using legal policies.From the perspectives of the domestic women's development,the trend of driving women's development in the international community and the expansion of the CCP's understanding of gender equality,the third part analyzes the background of proposing the basic national policy of gender equality,organizes the development of basic national policy of gender equality from 1995 to 2012,including the presentation and establishment in the levels of national policy,law and the Party's governing program.In addition to showing process of developing the basic national policy of gender equality into a national policy operation system involving in organizational structure,planning outline,legal policy,monitoring and evaluation,this part starts with the key and difficult problems faced by Chinese women's development during this period to study the important role of the basic national policy in promoting gender equality.On the basis of studying the combined action of women's situation in new era,CCP's thought on gender equality and the modernization of state governance,the fourth part focuses on the new development of the basic national policy of gender equality in perfecting legal policies,improving relevant mechanisms,and stimulating women's potential.Additionally,it studies the survival and problems of disadvantaged and rural women groups' development faced by the Party and government,so as to deepen the cause of China's gender equality in the new era.In the fifth part,the challenges and problems in the further development of the basic national policy of gender equality in the new era are studied;the difficulties faced by the basic national policy of gender equality are cognized and understood from the aspects of the inherent limitations and the external environment of implementing the national policy.After that,based on the new historical starting point,this part explores the way to drive the further development of the basic national policy of gender equality from the external environments such as improving the legal policies,perfecting supporting measures,strengthening institutional construction,and optimizing the implementation of national policies.To sum up,over the past two decades,the constant development of the basic national policy of gender equality manifests the continuous deepening and expansion of CCP's comprehension of gender equality.It shows that CCP is facing up to the reality of gender equality in China and the actual needs of women's development in different periods,so as to promote women's breakthroughs in political,economic,and educational developments.All these present the historical picture the CCP makes efforts to deepen the development of gender equality in China.However,the new concept of “three equality” in the context of the new era has proposed higher requirements on the gender equality and women's development in China.Under this background,the basic national policy of gender equality is facing new challenges of unsound internal mechanisms and imperfect external environment.For this reason,the Party and government shall further develop and improve the basic national policy of gender quality,so as to facilitate the synchronous development of women and economical society,equal development of women and men,and integrated development of women in a more scientific,modernized as well as systematic approach.