A Study On The Physical Quality Of Chinese College Students Population

Population quality is an important indicator of measuring the degree of social civilization,and also an important factor influencing economic development and social progress.Population quality includes physical quality,scientific and cultural quality and ideological and moral quality.Among those three aspects of population quality,physical quality is an important part of population quality,and it is the premise and basis for the development of cultural and scientific quality and ideological and moral quality.Improving physical quality is a manifestation of national prosperity.College students are the successors to the socialist cause,and the future of our country and nation.Therefore,having good physical quality is a fundamental premise for college students serving our country and people.However,the physical qualities of college students are not that satisfactory in recent years.Problems such as the low attainment rate of college students' physical fitness test and the low pass rate of recruiting conscript are frequently commented in media,which has drawn the attention of social concerns.<Annual Report on Development of Youth Sports in China(2015)> makes it clear that ‘the physical quality of college students is worrying,and it is even worse than middle school students'.What is the problem of physical quality of college students and how to effectively improving physical quality of college students are social issues which need addressing.The paper studies the physical quality of college students focusing on the problems,the causes and the countermeasures.Chapter 1(Introduction)includes the research background,the research objective and significance,literature reviews,the research strategy,the research method,data sources and the innovations of the paper.Chapter 2(Theoretical Research)includes the basic concepts and main theories.The basic concepts part include population,college students population,population quality,physical quality and build,physical agility,physique and health which relevant to physical quality.Meanwhile,the basic concepts part discriminates the differences and similarities of the definition of physical quality in demography against medical science,sports science and public health.The main theories part include human capital theories,health behavior and health-risky behavior theories,field dynamic theories of behavior change,health and belief theories,trans-theoretical model and ecological system model and organization optimization of improving physical quality.In Chapter 3,it analyzes the development of college students' physical quality.Physical quality consists of the body shape indicator,the body function indictor and exercise capacity indictor.Using data of <National Student Physical Health Standard> physical fitness test in 2016,the paper analyzes the current situation of college students' body shape,body function and exercise capacity.It is found that in terms of body shape,the ratio of overweight is relatively high and thinner body shape of female students takes up certain ratio;in terms of body function,the ratio of pass percent and fail percent of vital capacity are relatively high,while the ratio of excellent and good are relatively low;in terms of exercise capacity,fail percent of speed,strength and endurance are relatively high.And using data of ‘Report on National Student Physical Fitness and Health' from 1985 to 2014,the paper analyzes the change of college students' physical quality in recent 3 decades.It is found that college students' height increase sustainably and the ratio of obesity increase;their vital capacity decrease sustainably;sports qualities indicators such as 50 meters running,standing broad jump,pull up(male students),1000 meters running(male students),800 meters running(female students)decrease sustainably and maintain a relatively low level.In Chapter 4,it analyzes the factors of college students' physical quality by using multivariate regression analysis.It sets the(direct)factors of college students' physical quality as the independent variable by using brainstorming,expert interview and questionnaire,and it carries out the quantification of the test results of college students' physical test as the dependent variable.And it establishes multivariate regression model to analyze the factors of college students' physical quality and its weight.Results indicate that psychological factors,behavioral factors.Meanwhile,results indicate that many factors among behavior realization condition factors have influence on their physical quality,among which parents' educational idea,having certain sports skills,the quality of physical training,the willpower of health behavior,the ability of self-management have positive effect on their physical quality,while staying up late for long period,overusing phones and computers,overeating high-calories food and smoking have severe negative effect on their physical quality.In Chapter 5,it analyzes the social factor of college students' physical quality problem.By using social ecological system model of college students' physical quality,it analyzes the social environmental(indirect)factors of the development of college students' physical quality combining the political,economic and cultural background.It is concluded that population policies,the rapid development of Internet,the influence of exam-oriented education,the physical idea of college,the lack of health public service and the inconformity of health public management are the main social environmental factors influencing college students' physical quality.In Chapter 6,it proposes countermeasures to improve college students' physical quality.Based on health behavior theories,trans-theoretical model and physical fitness optimization theory and combing with the development of college students' physical quality and the direct and indirect factors of their physical quality,it proposes countermeasures to promote their health behavior and to improve the exterior factors influencing their physical quality respectively.It is suggested that an overall improvement of psychological,behavioral and behavior realization condition should be made to promote college students' physical quality.Meanwhile,guiding mechanism,promoting mechanism and restraining mechanism should be established for college students' in different health behavior stage.In terms of exterior factors influencing college students' physical quality,it proposes that enhancing the time-effectiveness and execution power of policies;perfecting health management system and promoting diversified management;strengthening college service mechanism and the giving full play to the function of physical education.The paper innovation lies in the following two aspects.First,the paper realizes the innovation in terms of research method.It studies college students' physical quality based on the natural attribute and social attribute of population.Meanwhile,it sets individual psychology and individual behavior in the social network,and combines the macro and micro factors to fully analyze the factors of college students' physical quality and its promotion mechanism.Secondly,this dissertation establishes the social ecosystem model for the development of college students' physical fitness,systematically summarizes the main individual factors and external environmental factors that affect the physical quality of college students,examines the hierarchical relationships of various factors from an overall perspective,and quantitatively analyzes the direct impact.The weight of factors provides a theoretical basis for the implementation of a scientific and effective mechanism for improving the physical quality of college students.The dissertation studies the inadequacies:First,data limitations.Because the relevant research data is affected by confidentiality,policy regulations,etc.,the data of the National Student Physical and Health Research Report for 7 times can only obtain the average value of each indicator test,and no specific test information can be obtained.The limitations of the data have limited the angle of analysis and the degree of in-depth analysis.I hope that I will have the opportunity to grasp more detailed information in the future and continue to study the issue further.Second,there is no empirical study on improving the physical fitness of college students.The study of the physical quality of college students from the perspective of demography is directed at the population as a whole,rather than individuals or small-scale groups.Its advantage is that it can integrate all macro and micro factors,starting from the overall social system and analyzing problem solving.This also puts forward higher requirements for experimental design.In the future,the author hopes to conduct an empirical study on improving the physical fitness of college students through demonstration zones and fixed-point experimental bases.