Study On Karl Marx's Justice Thoughts And Their Contemporary Value

Under the background of disintegration of USSR,the upheaval of Eastern Europe,the major setback of International communist movement and the cheers of “The End of History” in the west which preaches its liberalist thoughts,and also in the historically significant context of China's fulfilling substantial justice and promoting global governance,will Marx's justice thought which was born in the mid 19 th century be still able to provide theory support and practice guide for correctly understand and thoroughly solve the problem of justice?Marx's justice thought as a kind of scientific world view and methodology,which stands on the majestic height of leading the development of the times and achieving the emancipation of all humankind,must,instead of “aphasia” or “being marginalized”,have a positive response to the problem of justice.That response is the inevitable request of the practice,the logical necessity of the development of Marx's thoughts,and more importantly,the major issue of the ruling legality of the proletarian party as well as the survival and development of Marx's thought.The vitality of Marx's thought is closely related to its critical object of —— the logic of capital.Although capital forms which can bring about surplus value have undergone many different transformations,the essence of exploitation and proliferation stays the same.Along with the deeper progress that the construction of China's socialist market economy and the globalization proceed,the more boosting the capital's function will become,and the more prominent the control and enslavement of matter over man will turn.It is from the capital-labor perspective that Marx criticizes and deconstructs capitalist society and indirectly analyzes and constructs his justice thought.Marx's thought is scientific because all the secrets of capitalistic production are revealed through historical materialism and the theory of surplus value,studies capital logic in the historical and dialectical way,thus providing humankind with correct guidance out of justice dilemma triggered by capital.In order to solve China's problems of justice and to promote global governance,we must go back to Marx,whose justice thought needs to be deeply explored for its contemporary value,so as to equip humankind with spiritual support and practical wisdom that helps man go out of survival dilemma and realize his freedom and comprehensive development.Those categories,including the defense of equal rights and equitable distribution,the belief on the free country and the Democratic miracle,indicate that Lassalle,as the representative of the small bourgeoisie,inherited the traditions that the liberalistic style of study on justice initiated by Hobbes and Locke.These categories are still the focus of the debate between liberal and socialistic schools of justice in the contemporary west.The liberalistic style of study,to some extent,makes meaningful exploration and extends the paradigm of study on justice;however,due to their fundamental mistake in the view of history and their ignorance of the premise and material basis of ownership,this style of study is still confined in the completely speculative field based on the private ownership of the civil society,Lassalle's justice thought represents the liberalistic style of study.Therefore,the review of Marx's criticism against Lassalle and the clarification of methodology basis,theoretical premise,logic path and the value standpoint of justice,is helpful to break the restriction of liberalistic style of study on justice and manifest the academic style and practical interest of Marx's thought.Marx's thought arises in practice and develops with the times.Along with the era change and theme transition of the times,Marx's justice thought should keep a foothold on development of the times and liberation of mankind,determine accurately the historical position of China and even the whole human society,clarify the value premise of justice,and diagnose problems occurring in reality.During the current change of the times and social transition,as for Marx's justice thought,it is of theoretical and practical necessity to realize its character of keeping up with the times and to construct its contemporary form.This dissertation,based on Marx's criticism against Lassalle's justice thought,discusses Marx's justice thought and its value at present,hoping to inspire and make contribution to the discussion of the problem of justice in our times.This dissertation is composed of two parts: the introduction and the mainbody.The introduction is mainly about the theoretical and realistic significance of thetopic,literature review home and abroad,researching method,the logical structureand the creative points of this dissertation.The main body has five chapters.ChapterOne,which lays the background for the study,generally introduces the historicalframework ofCritique of the Gotha Programme.Chapter Two analyzes the reasons and the whole process ofMarx'scriticism on Lassalle's justice thoughts.Chapter Three,based on Marx'scriticism,discusses Marx's scientific definition and classification of justice.In Chapter Four,I expound and verify that Marx,by criticizing Lassalle's justice thought,reestablishes and demonstrates the methodological foundation of historical materialism on justice and thus clears away the confusion over the view of history and sets it right.Chapter Five explores theContemporary value of Marx's justice thoughts from the perspectives of “chinaproblem”,“global governance”and “human future”,in order to effectively solvereal-lifeproblems,get out of surviving and developing predicaments,and providespiritual support and practical wisdom by achieving real justice.