Ideal And Reality:The Study On India Middle Class Since India’s Independence

In 1947,India became independent and declared the end of British colonial rule for nearly 200 years.India,which gained a new life after independence,according to its own national conditions and drawing on the experience of other countries,critically inherited the colonial heritage of the British Empire,but also established a new political and economic institutional framework.One of the important effects is that the original class and stratum of Indian society have undergone great changes,and the rise of the middle class has attracted particular attention.Therefore,to clarify the historical evolution of the middle class since the independence of India is undoubtedly of great academic significance and reference value to deepen the understanding of the Indian society and to provide evidence or counter-proof for the existing theories or ideas of the middle class.The middle class is regarded as an important part of the modern industrial society or post-industrial society,and the middle class culture they create is also one of the main contents of the modern society culture.At the same time,their formation and growth are also the key factors that affect the evolution trend of social stratification and the development of social political transformation.However,compared with the emerging trend and potential of the Indian middle class,the current research intensity is obviously not matched.At present,although there have been a lot of achievements in the fields of consumption,entertainment and culture of the Indian middle class,on the whole,most of them have done corresponding research from a single perspective,rarely from the perspective of modernization.A systematic study of the evolution of the middle class since the independence of India,the structure,political status,marital and family status and the impact on national policies.The starting point of this thesis is based on this.Guided by historical materialism and dialectical materialism,on the basis of absorbing the beneficial elements of social stratification theories such as Weber and Durkheim,Marx’s theory on class division is applied.Through the multidimensional perspective of history,sociology and political science,this paper makes a systematic investigation and analysis of the middle class since India’s independence in the following logical order.The first chapter,theoretical traceability and concept definition.The second chapter,the third chapter and the fourth chapter,from the historical“vertical axis” to examine the historical changes of the middle class in India.Chapter 5th analyzes the relationship between the Indian middle class and political stability since independence.Chapter6 th,analyzes the middle class marriage,lifestyle and education in the history of the “cross axis”since the independence of India.Finally,the paper summarizes and comments on the recent changes of the middle class in India,the future problems,the experience provided and the middle class in developing countries.Based on the above research,this paper has the following achievements.First,the “case study”of the middle class in South Asia was carried out in combination with historical facts,the historical changes of the middle class in India were investigated under the background of modernization,and its rise and fall for more than 60 years was clarified.The second is to expand the sources of historical data,using some foreign scholars in some parts of India to obtain social survey data,in order to solve the problem of being unable to go to India for field research and data collection,which provides a strong support for the writing of this paper.Thirdly,it clarifies the influence of modernization process on the change of middle class in India,probes into the relationship between middle class and caste,and sets out from the angle of empirical research.This paper deeply reveals the forms and approaches of the transition of the Indian middle class from the traditional society to the modern society,and points out that the social structure changes since the independence of India take on a “steady-fluctuating-stable” track.Fourth,it argues that the central government of India has dominated the direction of India economic and social development.It is the leader and decider behind the rise and fall of the middle class in India.Only under the leadership of the State can the country,It can gradually solve such important problems as the disputes among castes,the cultivation of social policy and the middle class,the function and function of middle class economy and politics,marriage and family,educational investment and so on,which are the important problems of Indian castes.In addition,it is pointed out that economic growth is the most fundamental driving force for the formation,development and advancement of India middle class,which is a viable option for overcoming the polarization between the rich and the poor,and that the growth of the middle class in India,It is also the key to a strong social cohesion,and the realization of India mid-class ideals and modernization objectives goes beyond adaptation and innovation to suit its own circumstances,It also needs to be in the context of an open and fluid world,using the prevailing criteria to consider the path of development of the middle class in the country.There is no doubt that this paper will clarify the main nodes of the historical evolution of the middle class since the independence of India,show the impact of economic development and national policies on the middle class in different periods,and construct a theoretical analysis framework of the Indian middle class that transcends the western experience.At the same time,it provides a new understanding of the future development direction of the contemporary Indian middle class.