A Research On The Existential Dialectics Of The Classical Western Marxist

This paper holds that dialectics is the existential logic closely related to its ideological object,so the philosophical and practical basis to ensure its establishment becomes the most important part of the argumentation.Throughout the history of dialectical development,philosophers’ different interpretations of the connotation of dialectical theory make dialectics take on different theoretical forms.It has gone through the "essentialism " of the ultimate reality hidden behind the phenomenon to the return of human’s subject position,which drives us to solve the problem of the existence of the world from the angle of how to match the subject and the object "epistemology".And then turn to "practice" in the "life world",using dialectics to eliminate the existence of dualistic opposition.On the change of theme,Hegel played an indelible role.He has completed the whole process of the development of absolute spirit externalization,touched on the social reality of the division of man with conceptual dialectics,adjusted the binary opposition between thinking and existence through labor,and made dialectics manifest the nature of existentialism.However,his theory is always confined to the spiritual interior.Marx,with the help of the objectified practical activities of man,walked out of the spiritual confusion,and thoroughly displayed the existentialism nature of dialectics in the historical human reality.At this point,dialectics turns to the historical study of human existence,which opens a new way to solve the dualistic opposites.Dialectics,as an expression of the spirit of the times,inevitably presents historical features,and its existential nature is rooted in the changes of real social life.The binary opposition between man and nature began in the medieval presupposition between heaven and earth,and became more and more obvious in modern times.After the development of natural science,the rise of ideological enlightenment,the persistence of religious reform and the victory of political liberation,the antagonism between man andnature extends to the self-division and opposition of human beings.This is a great change in the way of life of people in the period of transition from traditional society to modern western civilization.Therefore,to argue The proof is no longer the indifferent objective knowledge which has nothing to do with people,nor the objective neutral cognitive framework and conceptual tool,but the attitude and ideal of life which contains the existence anxiety,the desire and the value concern.In other words,dialectics is no longer the logic of grasping things,but only the logic of grasping human beings,that is,the existentialism which cares about the actual life of human beings and takes the real life of human beings as the core.On this basis,the evolution of the dialectics of Western Marxist philosophy must be placed on the basis of the understanding and analysis of the changes of the western capitalist social forms in order to truly grasp its rational core.This is a complicated dialogue between philosophy and history and an important way for philosophy to face history.In the early days of Classical Western Marxist,the general dialectics was put forward in the absence of the absolute opposition between the proletariat and the proletariat as described by Marx,in which the proletariat did not eat enough and the state of absolute poverty was not there.He established social history as the foundation of existentialism,taking the dialectical relationship between subject and object as the theoretical framework.The analysis of man as an inhuman state in a socialist society calls for the awakening of proletarian consciousness,and after the 1930 s,In the face of the fact that the rule of contemporary capitalism has shifted to the control of a deeper level of psychological oppression and various kinds of non-economic oppression of the cultural spirit of human beings,The Enlightenment Dialectics and the negative Dialectics,which are dominated by Frankfurt School,are based on the inherent contradictions of modern capitalist culture,and carry out the cultural criticism of the distortion of human existence.Call to activate the inner critical spirit through the new enlightenment,break the shackles of the traditional survival mode and rebuild the wayof people’s existence.In the 1960 s,In this period,existentialism and Marxism merged in Sartre’s dialectics of human studies,and through the practice and relationship of human beings,the process of "collectivization" of historical structure was carried out in order to withstand the devastation of war.Young people who lose confidence and ideals provide spiritual indicators.Therefore,it is concluded that the dialectic theory of Western Marxism is a reflection and consideration of social reality,a torture and solution to the existence of human beings,a vision and hope for human liberation.In this sense,dialectics is existential.