Research On The Archaeological History Of The Nihewan Basin

Located in Yangyuan county of Hebei province,The Nihewan basin is rich in Quaternary sediments and contains nearly 200 cultural relics from the two million to the Neolithic period.Since its discovery in the early 1920 s,there has been nearly a century of scientific research background and work basis.The Nihewan basin of the upper Paleolithic archeology and Quaternary geology,paleontology,prominently in the international community,a challenge to human origin said one of the important areas of Africa,known as "The home of the Oriental human world".Paleolithic archaeology research course this article mainly The Nihewan basin as the research object,combining the related disciplines,for nearly a century of The Nihewan basin research process five stages are stage research,preliminary build an initial attempt to The Nihewan basin archaeological research.The first stage from 1921-1948 years.At this stage,the initial research activities of The Nihewan basin were initiated.It mainly focuses on the study of Quaternary geological paleontology.Including mud river basin was found and the " Nihewan Beds " name and preliminary study of building,the establishment of Nihewan mammalian fauna,Nihewan Beds of the initial formation of ascription problem for international academic recognition,Nihewan Beds contain ancient human early speculation and controversy.The work of this stage is mainly done by foreign scholars.The second stage from 1949-1964 years.After the founding of New China,Chinese scholars have become the main force of the research activities in The Nihewan basin.The “Nihewan Beds” becomes one of the early Pleistocene standard strata in North China.China's Paleolithic archaeology ushered in a new development,with The Nihewan Beds in the development of the area of Shanxi Datong basins found Late Paleolithic Shi-Yu ruins.The Nihewan basin has become one of the most promising areas for finding more ancient human remains.The third stage is from 1965-1989 years.This stage is the development period of the Paleolithic archaeological study in The Nihewan basin.Large-scale Paleolithic archaeological investigation,excavation and research work flourished,and achieved remarkable achievements;the new archaeological excavation technology began to try,the carbon-14 method,the uranium system method,the ancient geomagnetic dating method,began to be applied to archaeological site analysis and research.The discovery of two late Paleolithic sites in the Yangyuan Basin in 1965 was the first archaeological evidence of ancient human activity.1972-1974 years,the discovery of the late Paleolithic age of the Hutouliang site group.The discovery of the Xu Jiayao-Hou Jiayao site in the middle of Paleolithic age in the past 1973-1977 years has connected the Early Paleolithic Peking Ape-man culture and the Late Paleolithic Shi-Yu ruins,and acted as a bridging bridge.In the 1978,it was found that the site of Xiao Changliang site,about 1.36 million years ago,has a great impact on the domestic academia.The archaeological discoveries of the ruins of the Paleolithic age in The Nihewan basin,forming an uninterrupted development sequence,not only become an important area of the Paleolithic archaeology in China,enrich the contents of the Paleolithic culture,but also effectively advance the development sequence of the National Paleolithic culture.The stage four is from 1990-2011 years.And this stage is the glorious period of the Paleolithic archaeological study in The Nihewan basin China-US Archaeological cooperation project Dong gutuo site excavation was implemented,the new excavation technology has been popularized,the research level is obviously improved,and the research of the stone products flattening has made a great breakthrough,the burial environment of the ruins and the research of human behavior have been paid attention to.More ancient cultural relics were discovered,and human activity dates back to about 2 million years ago.,the important academic subject of the transition of the new and old Stone Age has obtained preliminary results,and the protection of The Nihewan Ruins Group of the National Key Cultural Relic Protection Unit is paid attention.The fifth stage is from 2012-2016.The Nihewan Special Museum has been built and used to become one of the largest Paleolithic feature museums in the country.For more than half a century,the scientific research work of The Nihewan basin has made great achievements,which have been recognized by the leaders of the state and the provinces and cities.In the 2013,the Eastern Human Resource exploration project started,the excavation and investigation work on the site of the Ma Juangou,Hou Jiayao sites,such as excavation,investigation work,to solve or to some extent,the existence of fuzzy understanding and differences are well answered.After more than three years' work,more achievements have been made in the geological geomorphology and paleo-environment,Paleolithic archaeology and ancient anthropology in The Nihewan basin.At this stage,the joint research of many disciplines and academic institutions on The Nihewan basin has become a revival after the excavation of the Zhoukoudian in China.