A Study Of The Relationship Between The July School And Yan'an Literature And Art

The July school is a development and continuance of the Left-wing Literature in the KMT-controlled area during the Anti-Japanese War.The relevance between the July School and the Literature and Art of Yan'an is a showcase that displays the relationship between the progressive literature of the KMT-controlled area and the literature in the liberated area,that exhibits the interaction between the Left-wing Literature and the Literature and Art of Yan'an.This is a topic refering to the history of Chinese literature,the history of thought and the spirit of the intellectuals in the 20th century.The introduction makes an academic review and presents the research ideas about the Relevance of the July School and the Literature and Art of Yan'an.This proposition lies in an overlapping zone of the study on the July School and the Literature and Art of Yan'an.It has received few attention in academic circles for a long time.The deficiency of existing research involving this subject is the phenomenon of more "comments"while less "historical facts",of replacing "historical facts" with "comments".So the relevance study will focus on the following aspects:The first chapter investigates the July school writers' track in Yan'an who had gone there.The time of their arrival and departure is listed with a table.The little-known writers' creations and biographies are introduced.A case study analyses four writers'track in Yan'an and their mindset involved(Nie Gannu,Xiao Jun,A' Long and Ai Qing).Nie Gannu was deeply impressed by the revolution aura in it and wrote articles to praise it.However,he was complained by someone among the critics circle in Yan'an,for his writing style didn't conform to the culture convention there.A'Long also had stayed there and wrote poetry to eulogize it,and he described his complicated experience in Yan'an in his private letters,such as "the dissolving himself in daylight".Ai Qing had given up two chances to go there in 1938.In 1941,he went to there to seek a better writing environment and to maintain his marriage stability.The second chapter explores the writing style transition of the July School writers(Ai Qing,Lu Li and He Jingzhi)when they lived in Yan'an.Though Ai Qing's writing idea once tallied with Hu Feng,he turned to a new direction in Yan,an.Ai Qing's transition was witnessed by Lu Mei,a writer who had followed him.The view of"Double Ai Qing" offers a way to understand his writing transition.Lu Li had a introspection when he felt "lost" in Yan'an.He relieved his "thirsting soul" by"working",and eventually achieved "self-conquer" in the furnace of revolution.Lu Li experienced the "variation trilogy":"singing with freshness","singing during marching"and "singing with painstaking".He Jingzhi was once appreciated by Hu Feng for his original poems' style fit with Hu.But he began to express the new life of Yan,an with the old form and art of folk.However,his view of "the dissolution of emotion" shows that he had a birthmark of the July School in his theory of Literature and art.The three writers were initially influenced by Hu's view of literature and art in different degrees.But after arriving in Yan'an,all of them underwent an adaptive process toward the new culture rules in mentality and creation.The third chapter analyzes the close relation between a periodical the July and elites in the middle and upper hierarchy in cultural circles of Yan'an.There was a close interaction between Hu Feng,the July and the leaders of the C.P.The magazine once published Mao Zedong's speech that commented on Lu Xun and newsletters about Mao.He appreciated the symposium record published in the July.Mao Zedong gave a unique response to the discussion of "great works" which originally published in the July based on the situation of literary and artistic development in Yan'an.Zhou Enlai's sheltering and supporting the magazines established by Hu shows the C.P.attached importance to the working of culture and propaganda in the KMT-controlled area.The July influences another magazine the War Zone(Wuhan),there is a relation mixed competing and collaborating between them,which embodies the will of the capital and also mirrored the subtle connection among Hu Feng,Ding Ling and Zhou Yang.The cease of the War Zone triggers the conflict between Ding Ling and Zhou Yang.Experiencing the War Zone incident,Ding Ling was disappointed at someone in the cultural circle of Yan'an.She warned Hu Feng that he should be cautious of planning to come to Yan'an and he didn't go there finally.The fourth chapter discusses the review of the works of the Yan'an writers from the critics of the July School.Hu Feng,A'long and Shi Huaichi show their different ways of literary criticism.Hu's inclination was reflected by "adopting "or" abandoning"manuscript on his editing course.He refused to publish Tian Jian and Hou Weidong's poems after they had gone to Yan'an,which showed his idea of literature and art went gradually far away from that of latter.This reflects a wide difference in idea of literature and art between the July School and Yan'an's.In the view of mutual reference about"South" and "North",A Long criticized the poetry of Lu Li and Tian Lan with the martial and industrial preference of his language.His comments on the opera The White Haired Girl focused on an abstract and unfamiliar question "waiting" of people,which was rarely noticed by the criticism circle of Yan'an.A young critic--Shi Huaichi copied Hu's theory of "subjective fighting spirit" and made a bold and frank criticism to the naturalism tendency of a novel Vexation of A Young Man by Yan WenJing.The fifth chapter explores the relationship between Hu Feng and the culture circle of Yan'an.As the soul of the July School,the relation is so subtle that Hu seemed existing in Yan'an literary world though he didn't go there at all.The deep reason of his refusing to go to Yan'an lies his instinctive resisting of the political and culture environment in Yan'an.This indicates Hu Feng's tragic fate after 1949.His "existing" in Yan'an means a spiritual symbol,which is a derivative from the topic of "Lu Xun existed in Yan'an”.The difference between Hu's theory of "subjective fighting spirit"and Mao Zedong's Talk lies in such aspects:"literature and politics","The relationship between the intellectuals and the masses of workers,peasants and soldiers","The process of literary creation" and how to evaluate thetradition of "May 4th"in literature field,etc.The last part is an additional discussion.It presents some phenomena and problems to be discussed in depth between The July School and The Literature and Art of Yan'an.