The Research Of Han Immigrants Cultural Island Of Southwest Nationalities In Ming And Qing Dynasties

Ming and Qing dynasties is an important period in the process of the Southwest social development,during this period,southwest social ethnic distribution,population structure,production relations,economic base,political system and cultural trends epoch-making historical changes have taken place deeply influenced the southwest Ming and Qing dynasties and even the modern society,the research of immigration history will have to focus on the ethnic groups in southwest during the Ming and Qing dynasties.Perspectives on how to protect and develop regional and national culture research fruitful,give us a lot of useful reference,but for a certain nationality in different parts of the cultural legacy,the study of the reasons for the differences between each other is very weak.Few studies especially in fieldwork as the main research methods will be compared with a national culture retained aspects in different contexts and environments to explore the characteristics and causes of changes.This paper taking Xuanwei Kedu village,Anshun Jiuxi village,Mianning Hongmo village,Muli Xiangjiao village,Yanyuan Changbai village five survey sites in the southwest as the research object,carried out houses,costumes,ancestral tombs,ancestral halls comparative cultural factors left to explore the characteristics and causes of changes in different cultural backgrounds retained,which help compensate for the lack of research in this field.In this paper,the integrated use of history,historical geography,anthropology and other related disciplines theory,method and knowledge,combining qualitative research and quantitative research,at the same time pay attention to the field investigation,in order to deepen to the Ming and Qing since five deals in homes,clothing,progenitor tomb,ancestral temple cultural factors such as the understanding and the understanding of cultural change.This paper contains a total of four parts.The first part is the introduction.The second part is the research background of this article.First,from the overall context of the history of the Han immigrants southwest,researched the five survey sites Xuanwei Kedu village,Anshun Jiuxi village,Mianning Hongmo village,Muli Xiangjiao village,Yanyuan Changbai village from natural environment,history,demographics,economic life and traditional culture.The third part is the analysis part of the fieldwork,is the main part of the paper,from a historical trajectory,the ancestral tomb shrine culture,residential culture,clothing culture,ethnic relations in five aspects of the five islands of the Han culture to explore,analyze local Han culture immigrants the cultural legacy of the case,as well as the general characteristics of cultural integration with neighboring ethnic Han culture immigrants cultural changes.The fourth part of the five factors islands culture Han culture retained summarized on an island culture acculturation recommendations,and cultural changes of Han culture immigrants were prospects of future trends.Based on the above four areas,this paper builds the whole research framework of Ming and Qing Dynasties of Han culture in southwest island culture retained.This paper selects the ancestral tomb,ancestral culture,dwelling,clothing four aspects of field investigation,due to cultural changes in these four aspects is obvious,with a certain representation.From the Han immigrants culture change island culture legacy,clothing is the characterization of a nation,the differences between different areas of the clothing characteristics obviously,Yanyuan,Muli are characteristic of the clothes of late Qing Dynasty,Mianning,Kedu,Jiuxi with Ming Dynasty clothing characteristics.In addition,five points in the form of clothing,the use of color,left on their own.In the "Han population more than Yizu" or "Yizu population more than Han" national distribution,Han and minority culture of mutual reference and integration.The number of Muli,Yanyuan Han population less vulnerable,clothing,dwellings and more draw lessons from cultural factors around the nation,showing the "alien" feature;Kedu,Mianning,Jiuxi embodies the compatibility and advantages of the Chinese culture.Judging from five Han and minority residential integration,East Yunnan "a printed" by minority residential less influence,on the contrary Kedu Yizu,Hui by "a printed";Anshun Tunpu vernacular dwelling and the surrounding national residential respectively with;Muli term foot,Yanyuan long Bai by the ethnic influence in wooden stare blankly housing mainly;Yanyuan,Muli dam houses by Muleng house system to the Han nationality residence system transition shows mix situation.Cultural fusion in five survey sites regularly:1)in reference to the minority culture factor is not balanced and decreasing.Muli term foot,Yanyuan Chang bai maximum,Mianning Hongmu,Xuanwei Kedu follws,Anshun Jiuxi at least;2)regional characteristics.The dam and the economic developed regions,namely " Han population more than Yizu ",Chinese cultural factors are national draws heavily from mountain," Yizu population more than Han",the minority factor by a large number of reference;3)the characteristics of complexity.Because the residence complex ethnic composition,complex terrain,blocking traffic,blending become more intense;4)personality characteristics.The Han culture is not a simple reference to the surrounding national culture,but in constant conflict and debugging,the localization,but no matter how the development,Chinese culture has always been in the leading position,the Chinese culture and local culture together constitute the Huaxia civilization today.General characteristics of immigrant culture vicissitude of the Han culture island,in the traditional Han culture as a "model",based on the grafting of other cultures,the realization of a process of localization of foreign cultures in the process of conflict and adjustment,the dominant factor of culture change is the population rather than political,economic factors.Cultural legacy in southwest minority area in Ming and Qing Dynasties of Han immigrants culture isolated island,is by a variety of factors the result of joint action,collective migration is the foundation of forming an island culture of the Han nationality,the surrounding environment prompted Han self consciousness strengthening is internal cultural island culture legacy formation,the natural environment is the objective conditions,the national policy is the external political conditions,these aspects complementary,and jointly promote the southwest nationalities area of Han Chinese Immigrants Settlement Culture retained.Research on cultural changing should not only focus on the characteristics and trend of culture change,More important it provided a theoretical support for the latter,the formation of the Han culture and cultural legacy of the island,provide the following case:one,during the enumerate a hundred years time,the culture island as an immigrant culture,squeeze in the surrounding heterogeneous culture,and to hold and protect certain traits of primary culture in the absorption of the heterogeneous culture factor at the same time,its produce new variation,the formation of meaning,more diversified"culture island",in its formation had occurred in the process of stick,protection,absorb and variation,for the formation of character the process and mechanism of Chinese,cultural diversity,and provides a new perspective.Second,cultural island southwest part of Han Han settle,happen again moved,the Han and minority ethnic interaction in"Conversion between Han and Yizu" phenomenon,and the Han nationality and ethnic interests and economic relationship around due to present the dynamic,complicated ethnic relations,display "liquidity" Han and minority ethnology state,how to deal with the ethnic relations,to protect our traditional culture provides a new case.Third,cultural Island progenitor tomb,ancestral temple and worship culture shows us how Confucian culture historical process of secularization,daily life,providing a concrete case fresh.Fourth,as a sub cultural groups of Han,the Han culture island expanded the scope of the study of ethnic group.Study on the Han identity transformation cultural Island showed complex interactive relationships between the state,local and folk,providing case study since modern times Chinese unified multi nationality country,the characteristics of the process and mechanism of formation.Fifthly,in the southwest five island Han culture of Han nationality in harmony with the local ethnic relationship,culture and win-win pattern,provide a theoretical support for the northwest frontier long period of stability and common development of multi culture,has the profound practical significance.