| Part? A Survey on the Prevalence and Risk Indicators of Erosive Tooth Wear among Adolescents in GuangzhouObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and risk indicators of erosive tooth wear(ETW)among adolescents in Guangzhou,Guangdong.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 720 participants was conducted in Guangzhou,using an equal-sized,stratified,multistage random sampling approach.The participants were from two different age groups(12-and 15-year-olds),360 per group.The ratio of males to females was 1:1 in each group.ETW was recorded utilizing the basic erosive wear examination(BEWE)index as the dependent variable.Independent variables included age,gender,region,socioeconomic status,dietary factors,oral health measures and others.ResultsThe prevalence rates(weighted)of ETW and dentin exposure(DE)were 56.1%and 26.2%among adolescents in Guangzhou,with mean teeth(weighted)of 1.812.5 and 0.6±1.5,respectively.No matter the prevalence or the mean teeth,the 15-year-old adolescents were higher than the 12-year-old ones;the mean teeth of ETW of males was higher than that of females;the mean teeth of ETW and DE of the adolescents of low socioeconomic status were higher than those of high socioeconomic status.Medium to high risk levels were found for 10.1%.In the multiple regression model,age,gender and taking acidic foods/drinks before sleep were associated with ETW.ConclusionsETW in the permanent dentition was common among adolescents in Guangzhou.However,the teeth involved were low.Dietary factors,time factor and demographics were the main risk indicators.Part ? A Survey on the Dental Caries Status and Related Factors of Guangdong PopulationObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the dental caries status and related factors of Guangdong population.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 11136 urban and rural residents was conducted in Guangdong,using a stratified,multistage random sampling approach.The participants were from ten different age groups(3,4,5,12,13,14,15,35-44,55-64 and 65-74 years old).The ratio of males to females was 1:1 in each group.According to the criteria of clinical dentition examination of the fourth national oral health survey,the dental caries were recorded utilizing the decayed-(missing)-filled tooth/root index(dmft,for deciduous teeth;DMFT/DFT/DFRoot,for permanent teeth).And then the prevalence,the mean dmft/DMFT/DFT/DFRoot,the filled rate were calculated.Additionally,each of the participants(children's legal guardians)completed a questionnaire that included data regarding caries-related factors.Differences between different groups were compared by t test,chi-square test,One-Way ANOVA,and so on.Covariance analysis and Logistic regression were used to analyze the related factors.The prevalence and the mean dmft/DMFT/DFT/DFRoot of dental caries were as the dependent variable.Independent variables included age,gender,region,dietary factors,socioeconomic status,oral health measures and others.ResultsThe participants contain a total of 2592 children aged 3,4,and 5 years old,864 each age group;a total of 7680 adolescents aged 12,13,14,and 15 years old,1920 each age group;and a total of 864 adults aged 35-44,55-64,and 65-74 years old,288 each age group.The prevalence rates of crown caries of the deciduous dentition in children aged 3,4,and 5 years old were 58.2%,68.4%,and 78.4%,with mean dmft of 3.0,4.3,and 5.7,and with filled rates of 0.9%,1.4%,and 1.3%,respectively.There were significant differences between urban and rural areas.The prevalence rates and mean dmft in urban areas were lower than that in rural areas,and there was an increasing trend with age.The filled rates in urban areas were higher than that in rural areas.The prevalence rates of crown caries of the permanent dentition in adolescents aged 12,13,14,and 15 years old were 42.7%,44.7%,49.0%,and 52.2%with mean DMFT of 1.0,1.1,1.4,and 1.6,and with filled rates of 20.0%,21.7%,22.8%,and 21.2%,respectively.There were significant differences between urban and rural areas and between different genders.The prevalence rates and mean DMFT in rural areas were more serious than that in urban areas;females were more severe than that of males,and there was an increasing trend with age.The filled rates in urban areas were higher than that in rural areas.The prevalence rates of dental caries in adults aged 35-44,55-64,and 65-74 years old were 70.8%,77.1%,and 81.6%,respectively.Of which the prevalence rates of crown caries were 70.5%,76.4%,and 81.0%,with mean DFT of 2.7.2.9,and 3.4,and with filled rates of 36.8%,21.3%,and 16.1%,respectively.The prevalence rates and mean DFT of females were more severe than that of males and there was an increasing trend with age.The filled rates of males were lower than that of females and the urban areas were higher than that of the rural areas,and there was a downward trend with increasing age.And of which the prevalence rates of root caries were 28.5%,59.4%,and 63.2%,with mean DFRoot of 0.7,1.8,and 2.3,and with filled rates of 4.8%,8.8%,and 6.3%,respectively.The prevalence rates and mean DFRoots increased with age.Rural areas were more serious than urban areas among 55-64,and 65-74 years old.The filled rates in urban areas were higher than that in rural areas.In the multivariate analysis model,age,residence,age of starting brushing,feeding frequency of sweetened milk/powdered milk,and taking sweets before sleep were the main factors affecting the deciduous crown caries of 3-5 years old children.Children who were older,from rural areas,with habits of taking sweets before sleep were at higher risk and higher severity of caries.Children who started brushing later than 3 years old had higher risk of caries and who were fed sweetened milk/powdered milk frequently had higher severnty of caries.Age,gender,residence,frequency of taking sweets,frequency of brushing,and education level of parents were important factors affecting the permanent dental caries of adolescents.Adolescents who were older,female,from rural areas,taking sweets frequently were at higher risk and higher severity of caries.Adolescents whose parents had higher education were at lower risk and lower severity of caries and who brushed teeth twice or more per day had lower severity of caries.The main factors affecting adults5 crown caries were gender,age,education level and frequency of taking sweets.The risk and severity of female were higher than that of male.Adults with higher ages and higher frequency of taking sweets had a higher risk,and those with moderate education have a lower severnty than those with low education.The main factors influencing adults'root caries were age,residence and education level.Adults with older ages had a higher risk and severity,and those with higher education were just the opposite.The rural adults were more serious than urban ones.Conclusions1.The crown caries of the deciduous dentition among preschool children in Guangdong Province are extremely serious.And the treatment needs are extremely high.The crown caries of the permanent dentition among adolescents is not so bad.However,the treatment needs are still high.Adults suffer from severe caries,which is aggravated with age.The treatment needs of both crown and root carnes are high.2.Dietary factors,time factor,demographics,and socioeconomic factors are the main influencing factors of caries.Reasonable diet(use unsweetened milk/powdered milk and avoid taking sweets before sleep for children,reduce the frequency of taking sweets for adolescents and adults),improve oral hygiene behaviors(children start brushing before 3 years old,adolescents and adults brush their teeth twice or more per day),can effectively prevent caries;3.Rural residents,female residents,low-education residents,and preschool children are the key populations for the prevention and treatment of caries. |
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