| Schizophrenia(Schizophrenia,SC)is one of the clinical common mental illnesses,one of the causes are complex,and clinical manifestations of chronic disabling disease have heterogeneity.It is mainly manifested as abnormal thinking,emotion and behavior,and uncoordinated mental activities with the environment,which will seriously affect the normal life and bring great burden to the society.Brain structure abnormalities such as brain atrophy and white matter injury are the pathophysiological basis of cognitive impairment and abnormal emotion regulation in patients with schizophrenia.Neuron loss/synaptic reduction,white matter demyelination and axon injury are the main neuropathological bases.At present,in the clinical work related to schizophrenia has always been in the phenomenological diagnosis and symptomatic treatment of the dilemma,patients often face repeated attacks can not be cured,it is of great significance to find effective biological markers.Neuroimaging is an important and feasible method for in vivo research,which Bridges the clinical research of patients with schizophrenia and the basic research of experimental animals.Neuroimaging is able to provide the structure of the high resolution imaging,blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging(fmri)and diffusion tensor imaging display fiber variety of parameters,the mode of data information,let we could further animal model research is trying to get the pathology change theory into clinical diagnosis index,the clinical information to establish correlation with the pathological changes of brain structure.Habenular nucleus,as an important node in the reward circuit of dopamine and its role in mental disorders,and its biological function in regulating dopamine and serotonin,has attracted extensive attention in recent years.In the field of research,habenula gradually emerged as a new hot spot in the field of mental illness research.The 2018 habenular depression research paper,published in the journal Nature,has been hailed as a major breakthrough in the study of mental disorders.In schizophrenia,many animal studies have found a close relationship between habenular dysfunction and schizophrenia,but few in vivo studies on schizophrenia have been reported.This study aims to rein of nucleus in patients with schizophrenia multimodal function of magnetic resonance(NMR)imaging studies,comprehensively discusses rein nuclear role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia change,from the perspective of brain structure and function to find disease biomarker,for the clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia and the clues and basis for condition evaluation.Main research contents:(1)the volume change of habenula in schizophrenia was observed from the perspective of morphology by using the imaging method of high-resolution structural image;(2)adopt the imaging method of functional imaging,based on the hypothesis of abnormal connectivity,and analyze the change of the whole brain functional connectivity of habenula in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls by means of resting state functional connectivity.Based on the important role of habenula in reward loop,habenula activation was observed through task state brain function.3)diffusion tensor imaging was used to observe the changes of habenular fiber components in schizophrenia patients,and to explore the correlation between habenular changes and clinical information.Main research results:(1)Structural magnetic resonance imaging studies showed that,compared with the healthy control group,the volume of left and right habenula in the schizophrenia group showed the same phenomenon of lateralization;The absolute volume of habenula decreased in the schizophrenia group,but there was no significant change in relative volume after controlling for total intracranial volume.(2)Functional magnetic resonance imaging of resting state brain showed habenular--whole brain functional connection.Compared with the normal control group,the functional connection between left habenular and left m PFC,left lingual gyrus and right IFG was significantly enhanced in schizophrenia group,while the functional connection between right Hb and left m PFC was significantly enhanced.Exploratory comparison between subcortical brain area and habenular functional connection group showed that the functional connection between right Hb and left caudate nucleus,left putamen nucleus and left ventral striatum was enhanced in schizophrenia group.In schizophrenia group,the right side Hb and left side m PFC functional connection were positively correlated with BPRS score.(3)Functional magnetic resonance imaging(fmri)of the task-state brain showed that the activity of the right habenula increased in normal subjects when they were given wrong feedback,while the habenula brain area was not activated in schizophrenic subjects.BOLD time series of extracting right habenular ROI showed that the change of hemodynamic activity of schizophrenia patients with negative feedback was lower than that of normal people,in which the activity of right habenular was highly correlated with negative scale,general pathological scale and PANSS total score.(4)Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging studies showed that compared with the normal control group,the FA value of the left and right habenula in the schizophrenia group decreased slightly,but there was no statistical significance.There was a weak correlation between FA value and the course of schizophrenia.To sum up,this study used the structure,function and fiber multimodal magnetic resonance imaging method,from morphology to function,from macro to micro,noninvasively in patients with schizophrenia habena conducted a comprehensive exploration.With the normal controls from multi-angle analysis of the differences on magnetic resonance imaging(fmri),and use the psychiatric diagnosis of schizophrenia in the clinical rating scale of the clinical usability of verify the relevant indicators,draw rein nuclear its change rule in the pathophysiological process of schizophrenia: brain function in disease states rein nuclear damage than brain structure change,obviously under the stimulus negative feedback function activity is reduced.Meanwhile,the functions of the left and right habenula are lateralized,in which the right habenula plays a more important role in the pathophysiological changes of patients with schizophrenia,which is correlated with the severity and course of the disease to varying degrees.As an anatomically important intracerebral structure,habenula has the potential to be a biomarker for the clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia and a target for the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of drug therapy.Innovation points : 1)using advanced clinical neuroimaging technology and data processing methods,habenula was introduced into the study of pathophysiological changes in schizophrenia,promoting the clinical transformation of basic research in animal experiments on diseases.2)the changes of habenular nucleus in schizophrenia were comprehensively elaborated by using multi-mode magnetic resonance data analysis,which opened up new ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment. |
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