Resting State FMRI Study Of Fractional Amplitude Of Low-frequency Fluctuations And Functional Connectivity In Early And Adult Onset Schizophrenia

Objective:Method for analysis fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(fALFF)and functional connectivity(FC)by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)to explore the similarities and differences between early and adult onset schizophrenia,looking for biomarkers of neuroimaging,also provide important clues for understanding the pathophsiological mechanism of schizophrenia patients(Schziphrenia,SZ).Methods:To collect the first episode of untreated patients with schizophrenia(early and adult onset schizophrenia).The diagnostic criteria for diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders in the United States(Diagnostic and Manual Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition,of Statistical,DSM-?),At the same time,the school and the community posted a volunteer recruitment system to collect health subjects.The recruitment requirements of healthy persons should be matched with the gender,age,education years and the case group.Patients in the study group were confirmed by two deputy director of psychiatry and the above level physicians.The positive and negative symptom scale(Positive Negative Symptom Scale,PANSS)was used to assess the severity of symptoms.The healthy subjects were assessed by the professional psychological assessment personnel,and the symptom checklist 90(SCL-90)was evaluated to eliminate the impact of recent major events leading to changes in brain imaging.The resting state fMRI scan was performed in selectedpatients and healthy subjects,Image post-processing using DPABI software for preprocessing.Excluding the head moving three dimensional translation 2mm,using REST software for fALFF,voxel based FC statistical analysis,results using AlphaSim correction,corrected p < 0.05 for the difference was statistically significant(single voxel p < 0.005,the size of the cluster > 67 voxel,volume 1809mm3,18 individual edge connection).Results the p value was calculated according to the T value of the t value of the brain area by calculating the degree of freedom by DPABI_VIEW.Image results are displayed by BrianNet Viewer.Results:1.The differences of fALFF and FC between the patients with early-onset schizophrenia and their matched healthy subjects:the results of two sample t test showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in the left angular gyrus,the left dorsolateral frontal gyrus,right insula,right lingual gyrus,right precuneus,and left superior temporal gyrus.The time series of the different brain regions were extracted for FC analysis of ROI(region of interest,ROI)in the area of interest,it was found that FC increased in the left inferior frontal gyrus and the left inferior orbital gyrus;The left superior frontal gyrus and the right insula,the left inferior frontal gyrus,the right middle frontal gyrus FC increased;Right insular lobe and right dorsolateral frontal gyrus FC increased;The right lingual gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus,bilateral globus pallidus,right inferior frontal gyrus and right medial frontal gyrus FC increased;The FC increased in the right precuneus and left middle temporal gyrus;The difference of FC value was not found in the left superior temporal gyrus.2.The difference of fALFF and FC values between adult schizophrenic patients and their matched healthy subjects: two sample t test showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in the right precuneus.FC analysis showed that FC was increased the inferior frontal gyrus and the right inferior frontal gyrus by right precuneus with ROI.Conclusion:(1)The fALFF analysis showed that early and adult onset schizophrenia patients had the right precuneus dysfunction,it is suggested that the right precuneus area may be one of the core areas of schizophrenia,at the same time,the region may be one of the neuroimaging biomarker for the diagnosis of schizophrenia.(2)The fALFF analysis showed that there was an increase neural activity in the sensorimotor network(including speech and auditory areas)in early onset schizophrenia,at the same time,it was found that the visual cortex was disordered.(3)Functional connectivity analysis was used to detect the abnormal activation of early onset schizophrenia(EOS)visual prefrontal cortex neural circuits,the abnormal functional connectivity between the right precuneus and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in adult onset schizophrenia(AOS).