The Effect Of Basic Military Training On Young Healthy Males'Insulin Sensitivity,lipid Profiles And Adiponectin

Objective:1)To investigate the effect of exercise on anthropometry and maximal oxygen uptake?VO2max?in young healthy human males with different body mass index?BMI?;2)To investigate the effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity?IS?and adiponectin in young healthy human males with different BMI;3)To investigate the effect of exercise on lipid profiles and adiponectin,high molecular weight?HMW?adiponectin in young healthy human males with different BMI.Methods:1)A total of 177 participants were sampled randomly by their BMI from among 1,200 new male army recruits to examine anthropometry in 2017.Participants were separated into three groups according to their BMI:overweight group?BMI:24.9 kg/m² to<30 kg/m²;n=35?,normal weight group?BMI:18.5 kg/m² to<24.9 kg/m²;n=103?,and underweight group?BMI:<18.5 kg/m²;n=39?.Anthropometric measurements were recorded at baseline and at the end of the8-week basic military training?BMT?.Similarly,83 participants were sampled to examine VO2max and 50 participants were sampled to examine laboratory examination on red blood cell?hemogram and serum ferritin?;2)A total of 31 participants were sampled randomly by their BMI from among 1,100 new male army recruits in 2016.Oral glucose tolerance test?OGTT?and fasting serum?total?adiponectin were measured and recorded at baseline and at the end of the 12-week BMT;3)A total of 95 participants were sampled randomly by their BMI from among 1,200 new male army recruits in 2017.Fasting serum?total?adiponectin,HMW adiponectin,and lipid profiles were measured and recorded at baseline and at the end of the 8-week BMT.Results:1)In overweight group,BMI,waist circumference?WC?,hip circumference?HC?and waist-to-hip ratio?WHR?decreased significantly?P<0.01?;in normal weight group,BMI decreased slightly?P>0.05?,WC,WHR decreased significantly?P<0.01?;in underweight group,BMI,WC,HC and WHR increased significantly?P<0.01,P<0.05?.Linea regression analysis showed that after8-week BMT,the changes of WC had the greatest impact on the changes of weight?^?=1.515,P=0.021?.After 8-week BMT,VO₂max increased significantly in each group?P<0.01?.Weight loss was more pronounced in the overweight group than that in the normal weight group and underweight group?6.35%>0.40%>-5.02%,P<0.01?.The increases in VO2max also displayed the same pattern.The improvement of VO2max was more pronounced in the overweight participants when compared to the underweight participants and normal weight participants?29.16%>14.94%>10.49%,P<0.05?.After8-week BMT,hemoglobin concentration,red blood cell count,and serum ferritin decreased significantly?P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.01?and this had little effect on VO2max;2)At the beginning of 12-week BMT,fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,homeostasis model assessment estimate of insulin resistance?HOMA-IR?,insulin area under the curve?AUC?was significant higher?P<0.01?and QUICKI index was significant lower?P<0.05?in overweight group than that in normal weight group and underweight group.There was no significant difference in glucose AUC among the three groups?P>0.05?.After12-week BMT,for all the participants,fasting insulin,HOMA-IR and adiponectin increased slightly but had no significant change?P>0.05?,QUICKI index decreased significantly?P<0.01?.30-minute,120-minute blood glucose and 30-minute,120-minute insulin decreased significantly?P<0.01,P<0.01?,glucose AUC,insulin AUC decreased significantly?P<0.01?.Gutt index increased significantly?P<0.01?.Both before BMT and after BMT,adiponectin showed no correlations with IS?P>0.05?;3)After the8-week BMT,HMW/Total adiponectin ratio?HMWR?and HDL-C improved significantly?P<0.001,P<0.001?.HMWR showed significant correlations with HDL-C.Conclusions:?1?8-week BMT can remake body shape and preferentially diminish accumulation of abdominal fat.8-week BMT can increase the participants'VO2max significantly in all BMI groups.The improvement of VO2max was positively related to weight loss,the larger the decrease in weight,the greater the improvement of VO2max would be.Weight loss in the overweight group was much more pronounced than that in the normal weight group and in the underweight group,thus the improvement of VO2max was more pronounced in the overweight participants when compared to the normal weight participants or underweight participants.8-week BMT can lead to sports anemia and iron deficiency may be the leading cause;2)QUICKI is negatively correlated with BMI,WC while HOMA-IR is positively correlated with BMI,WC in young healthy human males.12-week BMT can improve IS in young healthy human males independent of their changes of BMI.Weight loss can improve IS significantly,Weight loss in the overweight group was much more pronounced than that in the normal weight group and in the underweight group,thus the improvement of IS was more pronounced in the overweight participants when compared to the normal weight participants or underweight participants.After 12-week BMT,the?total?adiponectin concentration had no significant changes in young healthy human males.Exercise-induced increase in IS was not dependent on the changes of adiponectin;3)After 8-week BMT,?total?adiponectin and HMW adiponectin had no significant changes,HMWR increased significantly.The changes of HMWR were independent of the changes of BMI.Although?total?adiponectin showed no correlation with HDL-C,both before BMT and at the end of BMT,the HMW adiponectin and HMWR were positively correlated with HDL-C.Weight loss is positively correlated with the improvement of HMWR.The larger the decrease in weight,the greater the improvement of HMWR would be.