Based On The "Jin's 3-needle" Therapy Children Encephalopathy Therapeutic Apparatus

ObjectiveChildren encephalopathy refers to the cerebral palsy,mental retardation,autism,and hyperactivity.At present,all over the world of children with encephalopathy,which seriously harm to children's physical and mental health and growth,has evolved from medical problems into social problems which can not be ignored.My study regards autism and mental retardation as a disease research,because the prevalence of autism and mental retardation in children encephalopathy is the highest.The onset age of autism is usually less than three years old.The main features of Autism which is a developmental disorders include some abnormal social ability,speech communication obstacles and behaviors(or interests)which are limited,inflexible,repeated.It is a typical representative in the pervasive developmental disorder.At present the exact etiology and mechanism of autism is unknow in the medical profession.The research reports from different fields indicate that genetic factors,some gene mutation,brain lesions,neuropathy,maternal lesion,some infectious diseases,immunological dysfunction and other various reasons may cause Autism.In 2007,the public report from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention showed the incidence of autism in American children is 1/150,the latest statistics show that the incidence has risen to 1/45.It is grim to control the incidence of autism's situation.In China,the first study about Chinese children with autism was reported in 1982,then there is a sharp increase in the clinical diagnosis and discovery rate of Autism.The epidemiological investigation in children with autism has not yet been conducted in our country,so the accurate data on prevalence rates of autistic children is lacking.According to the international epidemic data,the number of children with autism in China is nearly 1640000.Many experts believe the actual number could be far higher than it,so it is important and urgent to analysis deeply autism,explore effective prevention and intervention measures.Mental retardation is characterized by mental abnormality,which often occurs during the period of human growth and development.The main clinical manifestations of MR are low IQ and social adaptability.The WHO report showed that the prevalence of severe MR was 4/1000,while the prevalence of mild MR was 30/1000.Recent reports from the United States and Europe show that the incidence of MR in western countries has reached about 3%.The survey which was conducted on the incidence of mental retardation in various regions in 1988 showed that the total prevalence rate of 0?14 years old children with mental retardation was 7/1000.At present,modern medical treatment of autism and MR mainly based on behavioral therapy(including education and training),drug efficacy of the disease is not obvious,and the development of music therapy,Animal Assisted Therapy,can also play the effect of adjuvant therapy.Traditional Chinese medicine,acupuncture,in particular,has an exciting therapeutic effect on this type of refractory encephalopathy.Academic team led by Professor Jin Rui from the Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine founded the "Jin's 3-needle" therapy and had cured a large number of children with encephalopathy.Acupuncture treatment programs which are composed of "Treatment of autism group 8 points" and "Four groups of points of the treatment of the MR" for children with autism and MR have a very pleasant effect.Although the "Jin's 3-needle" therapy in treatment of children with encephalopathy has obvious advantages,there are still some problems to be solved,One of the most important problems is the compliance of children with acupuncture therapy,especially head acupuncture treatment of encephalopathy.Due to the differences in the level of doctors,leading to the pain caused by acupuncture to make children,who have the general characteristics of young patients with encephalopathy,developing body,cognitive deficiencies,poor self-discipline,fear,tension,hyperactivity,crying,This state has a negative impact on the therapeutic effect to some extent.For these reasons,it is of great significance to design a kind of acupuncture and moxibustion apparatus for children with encephalopathy and other diseases.At the same time,the research on the combination of acupuncture and modern scientific instruments in various fields is very enthusiastic.The researchers are trying to realize the intelligent operation of acupuncture and moxibustion instruments,but also to improve the portability,low cost,patient acceptance.This study conforms to the trend of the modernization of acupuncture and moxibustion and attempts to introduce modern science and technology to“Jin' s 3-needle" therapy,so that more patients enjoy the advantages of traditional acupuncture and moxibustion in modern science and technology to play a therapeutic advantage.At present,there are many kinds of medical instruments used in the medical field,and similar new products are still being developed.Although these treatments have their own unique features and some clinical efficacy,many shortcomings need to be improved,such as the stimulus frequency broad,complex structure but single function,the core part of low integration,high price,professional operation(only suitable for hospital or professional institutions and can not be popular in the family),lack of human-computer interaction.The most important thing is the lack of a mature and distinctive acupuncture theory to guide the design of the instrument which has the blindness of the treatment.We will develop a treatment of children with encephalopathy,which based on theory and technology of all kinds of physiotherapy instrument,we use the“Four groups of points of the treatment of the MR”as the electrode contact point of the instrument.The instrument uses low frequency pulse current to treat children with Autism or MR with transcutaneous nerve stimulation which simulates the process of Acupuncture.Methods1.So as to provide a theoretical basis for the design of the treatment instrument for children encephalopathy,Chinese medicine for understanding disease,autism,mental retardation was summarized,and the framework of"Jin's 3-needle" therapy in treatment of children with encephalopathy is summarized,and the mechanism of curing diseases of“Four groups of points of the treatment of the MR" are elaborated,and low frequency pulse current treatment mechanism and application in the field of medicine are summarized.2.The overall design idea of the treatment instrument is constructed,and then the type of the signal,the stimulation frequency,the wave width,the stimulation intensity and the action time are designed.3.Controller selection:STC15W401AS Series(single chip computer)is selected as the controller.4.Three 1.5 volt dry cells are used to external power supply of the instrument,which can provide the majority of the internal components of the operating voltage.The other types of voltage required in this system include 3.2V and 70V.The whole power supply module consists of the following parts:4.5V power supply mode,Buck circuit module,Boost circuit module.The boost circuit uses the switching power supply mode,without using the transformer coupling structure,to increase the voltage to 70V.It simplifies the circuit design process and ensures the stability of the high frequency output voltage.The inductance of the boost circuit is 220uH.Triode is used NPN switching transistor(2N5551),The control end of the triode is connected to the P1.5 pin of the microcontroller through a lk? resistor,,and a lOkQ resistor is used as a pull-down resistor to keep the driving level of the triode stable,when the output voltage of microcontroller is high,the transistor will be turned on,and then the circuit starts charging.On the contrary,the transistor will be cut-off,and then the circuit starts to raise the voltage.The diode has chosen the 1N4148 type,because the voltage drop of this switching diode is low and have fast recovery time.The step-down circuit adopts the diode step-down mode,which is mainly composed of two series diodes(1N4007),Each diode at the time of conduction will produce about 0.65V pressure drop,so two diodes can reduce 1.3V and we can get 3.2V voltage to power a digital circuit.In order to maintain the stability of the voltage and filter out the noise in the power supply,we connect the two ends of the diode with a large capacity(lOuF)for filtering low frequency noise,coupled with the small capacity(0.luF)of the filter used to filter high frequency noise.The combination of large capacitance and small capacitance enlarges the frequency range of the filter.5.Design of bipolar control circuit:In this paper,the pulse of the final output of the therapeutic instrument is a bipolar stimulation signal,so we design bipolar control circuit which shows push-pull bridge circuit structure to make the unipolar waveform which is generated by single chip circuit into bipolar waveform.In this circuit,a triode(2N5551)which has the function of pre amplifier controls a pair of crossed PNP transistors(2N5401)transistor.When the two transistors(2N5551)are turned on in the circuit,it will produce the equivalent of bipolar output waveforms.6.Design of man-machine interface module:The man-machine interface module of the system mainly consists of three parts:LCD liquid crystal module(which can display the treatment parameters and treatment mode),the external keyboard module(which can adjust the treatment mode and parameters),and the alarm circuit module.The 5 function keys("+","-","switch" key,"time"key,“mode”key)in the external keyboard module adopt an independent keyboard structure.JLX12864G-0088(28*64 dot matrix liquid crystal display)is used in the LCD module.Alarm circuit module is critical in the design of the buzzer.The piezoelectric side sound buzzer of which volume and tone can be adjusted by software program is used in the system.7.Design of printed circuit board:In this paper,the circuit board is designed by PROTEL99SE.The printed circuit board is designed into double panel which can arrange circuit lines.8.Design of man-machine contact structure:The contact structure is the key to the design of the structure.The man-machine contact structure of this project is based on the movable helmet model which can be adjusted with the user's head size.The electrode is fixed on the inner layer of the helmet so as to ensure the contact between the electrode and the acupuncture point.9.Electrode design:The design of electrode position refers to the proportion of each point in the human head,and the contact area is increased to reduce the size error.It ensures that the helmet electrode is as close as possible to the specified point.10.Design of system software:Keil is Singlechip development software and the program is developed in assembly language.The design of the whole program mainly includes the main program?imer interrupt program and timing program.11.Hardware circuit debugging:It includes the main circuit and power supply circuit.ResultsAfter designing a complete therapeutic apparatus,we use oscilloscope to test the function of the therapeutic apparatus,and record the output waveforms of the instrument under two different working modes(acupuncture and massage).From the final display of the output waveform,the device can basically achieve the desired objectives.