Environmental Efficiency Of Grain Production And Its Influencing Factors In Poyang Lake Basin

Grain is an important strategic material related to national economy,people's livelihood,social harmony and stability,and national security.Food security is one of the three major economic security issues in the world today.At present,China is in an important period of accelerating industrialization and urbanization,and ensuring food security if the foundation for China's sustained and stable economic development.In recent years,the continuous decrease of cultivated land area and the gradual decline of cultivated land quality have made the way of increasing grain output by expanding grain planting area more and more restricted.At the same time,China's large-scale use of fertilizers and pesticides each year causes soil consolidation,eutrophication of water bodies,and deterioration of water quality,which has caused great damage to the environment,and the issue of food production sustainability has becomed increasingly prominent.Therefore,how to improve the efficiency of food production while protecting the ecological environment is an inevitable trend for future development.The Poyang Lake Basin is a traditional agricultural area in Jiangxi Province.They have always been one of China's major food producing areas and bear important responsibilities for maintaining national food security.Based on this,this study incorporates agricultural non-point source pollution into the traditional grain production efficiency evaluation system,and calculates the environmental efficiency of grain production in the Poyang Lake Basin from both static and dynamic aspects and analyzes its spatial and temporal differences.On this basis,analyzing the convergence and spatial correlation of the environmental efficiency of food production,and exploring the influencing factors of environmental efficiency of food production have great theoretical and practical significance for promoting the sustainable development of food production in China and accelerating the construction of ecological civilization.The full text is divided into six parts.The main research contents and related conclusions are as follows:Content 1: Evaluation of environmental efficiency of grain production in Poyang Lake Basin considering environmental factors.Taking into account the environmental factors,this section uses the Min DS model and the Malmquist-Luerberger productivity index to measure the environmental technical efficiency and environmental total factor productivity of grain production in the Poyang Lake Basin,respectively.The results show that:(1)Without considering agricultural non-point source pollution,the average annual grain production technology efficiency and total factor productivity of the Poyang Lake Basin are 0.8214 and 1.0216,respectively,and they fall to 0.8172 and 1.0181 after considering agricultural non-point source pollution.(2)Without considering agricultural non-point source pollution,the average annual growth rates of grain production technology efficiency and technological progress in the Poyang Lake Basin are 0.99% and 1.36%,respectively,and 0.61% and 1.36% after considering agricultural non-point source pollution.(3)From a county perspective,the central and northern regions of the Poyang Lake Basin have higher environmental technology efficiency and total factor productivity of food production than the southern region.(4)From the inherent factors that affect the environmental technology efficiency of food production At this stage,there is still much room for improvement in the technological efficiency of the food production environment in the Poyang Lake Basin.The main reasons include excessive input of production factors,insufficient food output,and excessive discharge of environmental pollutants.(5)In perspective of the decomposition of environmental efficiency of food production,the environmental technical efficiency of food production in Poyang Lake Basin has begun to change from “single-track drive” to “dual-track drive”.In other words,environmental technical efficiency is driven by pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency,rather than pure technical efficiency alone.Meanwhile,the environmental total-factor productivity of food production is mainly driven by both environmental technical efficiency and environmental technical progress.Content 2: Convergence Analysis of Environmental Efficiency of Food Production in Poyang Lake Basin.This section uses the economic growth-related theories and methods to test the convergence of grain production environmental efficiency from five aspects: absolute convergence,conditional convergence,club convergence,random convergence,and growth distribution dynamics.And it explores the convergence and dynamic evolution trends of the environmental efficiency of grain production in the Poyang Lake Basin.The results show that:(1)There is no ? convergence in the environmental efficiency of grain production in the Poyang Lake Basin,but there is absolute ? convergence.This shows that the overall difference in the level of environmental efficiency of food production in the Poyang Lake Basin has a tendency to expand over time,but counties(cities,districts)with a lower level of environmental efficiency of food production have obvious “catching-up effects” to counties(cities,districts)with a higher level of environmental efficiency of food production,and both values eventually approach the same steady-state equilibrium value at different convergence speeds.(2)There is a significant conditional ?convergence of the environmental efficiency of food production,indicating its food production environmental technology efficiency and environmental total factor productivity tend to converge to their respective steady-state equilibrium levels.(3)There is a local club convergence and a partial series of random convergence in the environmental efficiency of food production in the Poyang Lake Basin,indicating that the differences in environmental efficiency of food production will be long-term stable existence.(4)In general,the peaks of the nuclear density curve of the environmental efficiency of grain production in the Poyang Lake Basin show a trend of transition from sharp peaks to broad peaks.Its nuclear density curve peak corresponding to the grain production environment efficiency level shifts to the right,first shifting from “single-peak mode” to “double-peak mode” and then to “single-peak mode”,the height of the peak is generally decreasing.(5)There is a certain fluidity in the environmental efficiency of food production in the Poyang Lake Basin,which has formed agglomeration phenomena in which the environmental efficiency of food production is low,medium-low,medium-high,and high-level,that is,the long-term equilibrium state of growth in environmental efficiency of food production is still scattered in 4 horizontal types in the state space.This shows that the state of different grain production environmental efficiency in the counties(cities,districts)of the Poyang Lake Basin will continue to exist for a long time.Content 3: Analysis of factors influencing the environmental efficiency of grain production in the Poyang Lake Basin.This section uses the spatial econometric model to analyze the spatial correlation and influencing factors of the environmental efficiency of grain production in Poyang Lake Basin.The results show that:(1)In general,the grain production environmental efficiency of each county(city,district)in the Poyang Lake Basin has a significant spatial positive correlation,indicating that the grain production environmental efficiency among counties(cities,districts)is not randomly distributed,and has a spatial effect on the environmental efficiency of food production between regions with similar spatial characteristics.(2)There is a spatial dependency on the level of environmental efficiency of food production between neighboring counties(cities,districts)in the Poyang Lake Basin: The efficiency of production environment is not only closely related to its own urbanization rate,financial support for agriculture policy,and the proportion of food-growing population.To a certain extent,it also depends on the food production environment of neighboring counties(cities,districts)with similar spatial characteristics.There is a positive impact on the level of environmental efficiency of grain production among counties(cities,districts).(3)Under the same conditions,except for the urbanization rate and the average annual rainfall on the grain of Poyang Lake Basin Production environment efficiency plays a negative role,and other explanatory variables play a positive role.Among them,the average operating scale of labor and the proportion of grain-growing population all significantly affect the environmental efficiency of grain production in the Poyang Lake Basin at the level of 1%;the annual average rainfall,industrial agglomeration,and the proportion of grain sown area all significantly affect the level of 5%.Environmental efficiency of food production;the annual average temperature at the level of 10% significantly affects the environmental efficiency of food production.Based on the above conclusions,this paper holds that:(1)Optimizing the input structure of grain production factors.(2)Avoiding the impact of non-point source pollution of chemical fertilizers on the environmental punishment of grain production.(3)Increasing investment in seed research and development,and vigorously developing modern agriculture.(4)Promoting cross-regional exchanges and cooperation,and coordinating the growth rate of regional grain production environmental efficiency.(5)Increase financial investment in agriculture,taking into account the development of urbanization and personnel training.