| Human only pay attention to the development and utilization of water resources,while ignoring the relationship between water,maintenance of ecosystem and restoration,the study of ecological water is the inevitable understanding of the relationship between water resources and ecological environment.Based on analysis of climate change,water resources situation and vegetation cover change in Qilian Mountains of Qinghai Province,the plant evapotranspiration model was used to calculate the ecological water consumption of forest and grass vegetation.The ecological water consumption of the plain greening is calculated by the quota method;the ecological water consumption of the lake is calculated according to the water balance;and the ecological water consumption of the soil and water conservation is calculated by the comparative analysis method.Based on empirical formulae,the non-consumptive ecological water use in the river chgannel is calculated.Subsequently,the ecological water demanded in 2020 and 2030 were forecasted.and Analytic Hierarchy Process is used to calculate the degree of coordination.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The precipitation in Qilian Mountains of Qinghai Province is different,and the distribution trend of annual precipitation is decreasing from southeast to northwest.Qilian Mountain area for many years the average precipitation of 401.5mm,equivalent to water 33.03558 billion m3.According to the watershed area of the Yellow River Basin 14.48404 billion m3;northwest of the river 18.55155 billion m3,of which the Hexi inland river 6.81171 billion m3,Qinghai Lake water system 11.73443 billion m3.(2)The total amount of water resources in Qilian Mountains of Qinghai Province is 10.181 billion m3.According to the watershed,the total amount of water resources in the Yellow River Basin is 4.859 billion m3,the total amount of water resources in the Northwest River is 5.323 billion m3,the surface water resources of the Yellow River Basin are 4.730 billion m3,and the surface water resources in the Northwest River are 5.029 billion m3;The amount of groundwater resources in the basin is 2.354 billion m3,and the amount of groundwater resources in the Northwest River is 2.412 billion m3.The total water supply for all types of projects is 1447.9060 million m3,transferred to the water for the 140.1515 million m3,transferred out of the water for the 201.3610 million m3,so for the local water 1386.6965 million m3.(3)From the spatial distribution analysis,the average NDVI value in the Qilian Mountains of Qinghai Province is decreasing from the southeast to the northwest,and the vegetation cover in the eastern part is obviously higher than that in the west.The average NDVI fluctuation in the Qilian Mountains area of Qinghai Province was 0.218 and the growth rate was 0.005/10a,which indicated that the vegetation coverage in the Qilian Mountains of Qinghai Province was improving in 35 years.(4)The total ecological water use in the Qilian Mountains of Qinghai Province is 21.228 billion m3.The ecological water consumption of forest vegetation was 5.658 million m3,accounting for 26.65%of the total ecological water consumption.The ecological water consumption of grassland was 12.355 billion m3,accounting for 58.20%of the total ecological water consumption.(5)Based on the analysis of the relationship of precipitation in Qilian Mountains of Qinghai Province,the average annual precipitation is 33.036 billion m3,the total water resources is 10.181 billion m3,the average annual import water is 7.63 billion m3,and the amount of outbound water is 13.327 billion m3.The total amount of water resources accounts for 25.04%of the total income(the sum of precipitation resources and the amount of incoming water),and the consumption of ecological water for precipitation is 18.013 billion m3,accounting for 44.29%of the total income.(6)The sustainability of ecological water for the performance of Datong County,Qilian County,Gangcha County,Menyuan and Tianjun County can be coordinated or quasi-coordinated use of the state,Huangyuan County,Huangzhong County,the use of a lower degree of coordination for ecological construction of the shortage of precipitation resources,resulting in including ecological water within the industry water shortage,the use of low level of coordination. |
