Ecological Water Demand Analysis And Water Supplement Guarantee Of Wetlands In Xiong’an New Area

Wetland is a unique ecosystem with both water and land facies and transitional features.It plays a vital role in maintaining regional ecological balance,regulating climate,conserving water sources,and protecting the diversity of plants and animals.Affected by the comprehensive impact of climate change,economic development and the acceleration of urbanization,wetland degradation has shown a trend of generalization,acceleration,and seriousness,which severely restricts regional health,stability and sustainable development.With the advancement of ecological civilization construction,the concept of ecological civilization of respecting nature,conforming to nature,and protecting nature has taken root in the hearts of the people,and the ecological protection and restoration of wetlands have been guaranteed by an unprecedented system.Ecological water demand and ecological water replenishment are the two core issues of wetland ecological protection and restoration.The development of wetland ecological water demand and water replenishment guarantee schemes is of great significance to the ecological environment construction and sustainable development of the region.Under the background of high-speed urbanization in the national-level new area-Xiongan New Area,with Baiyangdian Lake as the core of wetland ecological restoration in Xiong’an New Area,and river wetlands as the link of ecological restoration,the evolution of the ecological hydrological process of Baiyangdian Lake is analyzed,and the wetland ecology of Xiong’an New Area is calculated.Water demand,simulated analysis of different ecological water replenishment schemes for wetland ecological protection and restoration scenarios,and mainly obtained the following research results:(1)Using statistical methods,trend test analysis methods and remote sensing image interpretation analysis methods to analyze the evolution law from Baiyangdian Lake meteorological elements,hydrological elements and wetland structure types,the main conclusions are:Baiyangdian lake annual average annual precipitation and multi-year average annual precipitation The average annual potential evapotranspiration is 509.2mm and 883.8mm,respectively,showing a significant downward trend.The multi-year average temperature is 12.55℃,and the annual average temperature shows an insignificant upward trend;the water level is used as a typical hydrological element to conduct research to determine the lowest ecological water level and the Baiyangdian Lake.The suitable ecological water levels are 5.89m and 7.14m,respectively,which determine the ideal water level change process during the year;the Baiyangdian Lake wetland structure type changes obviously,which are manifested in the continuous increase of residential area,the decrease of emergent vegetation area,the fluctuation of dry land and open water body.(2)By constructing a calculation model for wetland ecological water demand in Xiong’an New Area,the wetland ecological protection goals in the development stage of Xiong’an New Area are determined.The calculated ecological water requirements of the river wetlands in Xiong’an New Area in the years of rainy,normal and low drought are19300.2×10~4m~3/a、19366.5×10~4m~3/a and 19368.1×10~4m~3/a.Baiyangdian Lake ecological water demand includes Baiyangdian Lake ecological water consumption and habitat storage.The ecological water demand in the years of rainy,normal and low drought are40312.8×10~4m~3/a、44371.9×10~4m~3/a and 46407.8×10~4m~3/a.Affected by the ecological water storage of Baiyangdian Lake,the ecological water consumption of Baiyangdian Lake does not match the changes in ecological water demand during the year.(3)Fully tap the potential of wetland multi-source joint water replenishment in Xiong’an New Area,construct a wetland ecological water replenishment guarantee scheme for different levels in Xiong’an New Area,and simulate and analyze based on the principle of water balance.The results show that the ecological water replenishment needs are different.The scheme A2 considering the joint operation of upstream reservoirs in rainy year,the scheme B4 considering consider the joint operation of upstream reservoirs,Water Transfer from Yellow River to Baiyangdian Lake Project and South-to-North Water Transfer Middle Route Project in normal year and the scheme C4 considering the Emergency water replenishment project on the east route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project on the basis of the existing water diversion and diversion project can meet the ecological water demand of Xiongan New Area,the water level change process of Baiyangdian Lake during the year,and the guarantee demand of ecological water exchange.