Taxonomy And Molecular Phylogeny Of Macrofungi And Related Fungi In Hainan And Guizhou

With the deterioration of environmental conditions,Wild fungi are now facing major threats,which leading to the presence of large-scale extinction of some wild fungi resources.Therefore,it has great significance for us to carry out large-scale surveys of fungal diversity and conservation.However,there are still many problems in the current research work,such as species identification,inaccurate specimen citations,relatively simple classification method,the absent of combining molecular phylogeny classification research,obsolete classification systems,etc.,which are needed to future consummate in our investigations.We choose the greater biodiversity regions in Hainan and Guizhou province to survey of the large-scale resource offungi,which can provide reference for the future better for large areas of these fungi resources utilization and protection,as well as for the future of a more detailed revised list of the various regions macrofungi resources.Wood-root fungi is the pathogenic fungi in macrofungi,,which can decompose fallen logs and rotten wood,but infect living trees,causing the trees trunk and large branches,dry,roots,heartwood or sapwood decay,and even causing the death of the tree.There were some research and reports in the wood decay fungi in the past,but absent of systematic and comprehensive study on those fungi.We could found some macrofungi resource which have not been reported by the preliminary investigation on Hainan and Guizhou Province.In addition,the molecular phylogeny was used in this study to amended the phylogeny status of some species and study on the difference phylogenetic status between plant pathogenic of wood decay fungi and saprophytic.The wood raw Macrofungi and its allies were investigate by classical identification and phylogenetics in Hainan Province and Guizhou provinces and we collected and identification 894 specimens,700 to extract DNA from dried specimens,the successful sequencing No.5.8S ITS 357;these specimens were studied to identify 124 kinds of species by combined morphological and molecular phylogeny,including 91 kinds of wood raw macrofungi;only identified to the genus has 52 species to be studied,including 25 kinds of wood raw macrofungi;total discovered two new species,16 of China's new record,a new record of 13 Guizhou Province and 17 Hainan new record,1 Guizhou new record genus and 1 Hainan new record genus.new species:Metarhizium synnematum Z.Q.Liang,H.L.Chu,W.H.Chen,J.D.Liang&Y.F.Han sp.nov.and Ganoderma citrine Chu HL,Zheng FC sp.nov.;16 China's new record:(1)Daldinia mexicana F.San Martin,Y.M.Ju&J.D.Rogers,(2)Dentinum albomagnum(Banker)Pouzar,(3)Entoloma excentricum Bres.,(4)Ganoderma steyaertanum B.J.Sm.&Sivasith,(5)Gymnopus brunneigracilis(Corner)A.W.Wilson,Desjardin&E.Horak,(6)Gymnopus dichrous(Berk.&M.A.Curtis)Halling,(7)Gymnopus iocephalus(Berk.&M.A.Curtis)Hailing,(8)Gymnopilus lepidotus Hesler,(9)Gymnopuspolygrammus(Mont.)J.L.Mata,(10)Inocyhe agardhii(N.Lund)P.D.Orton,(I1)Lactarius laccarioides Wissitrassameewong&Verbeken,(12)Marasmiellus koreanus Antonin,Ryoo&H.D.Shin,(13)Marasmius pseudopurpureostriatus Wannathes,Desjardin&Lumyong,(14)Marasmiustrichotus Corner,(15)Scleroderma suthepense,(16)Xylan'a tuberoi'des Rehm?13 Guizhou Province new record:(1)Cantharellus appalachiensis R.H.Petersen,(2)Chamaemycesfracidus(Fr.)Donk,(3)Coprinopsis nivea(Pers.)Redhead,Vilgalys&Moncalvo,(4)Daldiniae,schscholzii(Ehrenb.)Rehm,(5)Entoloma conferendum(Britzelm.)Noordel.,(6)Geastrum javanicum Lev.[as 'Geaster'],(7)Hexagonia cuczullata(Mont.)Murrill,(8)Irpex consors Berk.,(9)Leotia lubrica(Scop.)Pers.,(10)Lepiota pseudolilacea Huijsman,(11)Micraoporellus obovats,(Jungh.)Ryvarden,(12)Tylopilus plumbeoviolaceoides T.H.Li,B.Song&Y.H.Shen,(13)Xerula strigosa Zhu L.Yang,L.Wang&G.M.Muell.?17 Hainan new record:(1)Fomitopsis subtropica B.K.Cui&Hai J.Li,(2)Fuscoporia senex(Nees&Mont.)Ghob.-Nejh.,(3)Ganoderma hoehnelianum Bres..,(4)Laccaria montana Singer,Beih.(5)Laccaria vinaceoavellanea Hongo,(6)Leucoagaricus carneifolius(Gillet)Wasser,(7)Marasmius aurantioferrugineus Hongo,(8)Megacollybia platyphylla(Pers.)Kotl.&Pouzar,(9)Perenniporia delavayi(Pat.)Decock&Ryvarden,(10)Retiboletus retipes(Berk.&M.A.Curtis)Manfr.(11)Stereum sanguinolentum(Alb.&Schwein.)Fr.,(12)Thelephora ganbajun M.Zang,(13)Trametes cubensis(Mont.)Sacc.,(14)Trichaptum biforme(Fr.)Ryvarden[as 'biformis'],(15)Xylaria escharoidea(Berk.)Fr.,(16)Xylaria grammica(Mont.)Mont.,(17)Xylaria schweinitzii Berk.&M.A.Curtis.1 Guizhou Province new record genus:Xerula?1 Hainan new record genus:Hymenopellis?The classical taxonomy and molecular phylogenetic were applied in the study of Macrofungi in the Hainan and Guizhou provinces,based on large collect of the specimen.This study can enriching the diversity of large wooden endophyte species and its allies,and provide more scientific and comprehensive material to protect the biodiversity of Hainan and Guizhou provinces by established a large library of fungal specimens,photo gallery and molecular sequence databases.