Research On High-standard Farmland Construction And Monitoring Based On Cultivated Land Comprehensive Quality

Cultivated land is the basic resource and condition to guarantee the national food security.Along with the advancement of urbanization and industrialization in China,the quantity,quality and ecological environment of cultivated land are threatened,which will further affect our grain security and social economic stability.Paying attention to the quality of cultivated land and ecological protection on the basis of protecting the number of cultivated land has become a widespread consensus among the Central Committee of the party,the State Council and the government departments at all levels.High-standard farmland construction,as an important type of land consolidation,is an important practical work for protecting arable land resources and ensuring food security and has achieved notable results in improving the quality of cultivated land.But because of some characteristics of the process of land consolidation such as long project cycle,the conflict between higher implementation costs and stakeholder,non-unified cognition of the quality of cultivated land by the subject of implementation,inadequate understanding of the quality of arable land in the region,a series of problems of overall allocation and management in the construction of high-standard farmland are caused,such as the mismatch between the capital investment and the endowment of cultivated land,investment dispersion,duplication of similar projects,comprehensive benefits unable brought into play,more efforts on construction and less on management etc.High-standard farmland construction based on unified cognition on cultivated land quality evaluation in advance in order to fully understand the regional cultivated land quality,and high-standard farmland construction and effective scientific co-ordination arrangements is particularly important,at the same time also need to use advanced scientific means of monitoring and management timely and effective for high-standard farmland quality,ensure the construction funds benefit and project construction efficiency steady playing.The paper takes the land consolidation project area in Quzhou County of Hebei Province as the research area.Aiming at the problem of ununified cognition of cultivated land quality,in terms of the concept and definition of cultivated land quality,the concept and connotation of the quality of cultivated land and cultivated land are defined in this paper.It is believed that the core basis for determining the intension of cultivated land is the preservation of the productive capacity and further developing of the concept of the quality of cultivated land.Define the concept of quality of cultivated land by defining the concept of quality by national standards and combining the characteristics of cultivated land,the necessary components of the definition of cultivated land are the conditions of cultivated land and human well-being.Through connecting the connotation of cultivated land quality which including of the two-essential connotation,land conditions and human well-being and ecosystem service cascade framework which establishing an association from an ecosystem to human well-being.The quality factors,dimensions and indexes of cultivated land are identified from the angle of cascade framework of ecosystem services.Cultivated land system is a land ecosystem with artificial natural interaction,follows the cascade evolution process of ecosystem services:"structure-process-function-Service-human well-being" and provides material and spiritual satisfaction for human beings.The quality elements of cultivated land should include natural quality factors and human input quality factors.The dimensions of cultivated land include 5 aspects:soil quality,engineering quality,biological characteristics,ecological environment quality and space quality,covering the dimensions of nature,economy and society.It is consistent with the content of high-standard farmland construction that embodies internality.In view of the overall arrangement problem in the construction process of high-standard farmland,On the basis of comprehensive quality system and fully cognizance of cultivated land,starting from the objective of scientific and practical decision making of high-standard farmland construction,through this paper we tried to explore the method of cultivated land evaluation and construction zoning to facilitate the process of decision and implementation for high-standard farmland construction.The land comprehensive improvement project area in Quzhou County was taken as a case study.In the part of the evaluation system,establishing the evaluation model and evaluation index system of cultivated land quality uniformity based on regional optimum cultivated land quality.The quality uniformity of the cultivated land in the administrative villages of the study area is between 7.76?21.96.In the construction arrangement,according to the construction principle of "easy first and difficult afterwards",calculating the potential of comprehensive transformation of the index set of different difficulties and obstacles and partitioning on the basis of the restrictive index.According to the of "centralization and multiple-block-joint",in addition to considering the amount of cultivated land,identifying local homogenization characteristics of cultivated land quality by spatial autocorrelation analysis,considering the scale of quality and partitioned by homogeneity.The difficulty division of the research area is divided into 4 levels.The index of difficult transformation is weak to the quality of cultivated land.The improvement of the quality of cultivated land is stronger.The most restrictive factors in the project area were the indicators with medium and low transformation difficulty.Local homogeneous area in the project area was divided into 3 levels:high quality homogeneous area,quality heterogeneous area and high quality homogeneous area.The project area was divided into 4 time sequence partitions including the major construction area,the secondary construction area,the general construction area and the conditional construction area,the cultivated land area of each subarea was 710.11,2 199.04,975.47 and 1 101.07 hm2,by combining classification of two types of partitions.The decision arrangement of high-standard farmland construction can be made according to the quality characteristics of different types of cultivated land.In view of the problem of "more efforts on construction and less on management" in the construction of high-standard farmland,the research holds that the construction of high-standard farmland is a "circular construction" process,not once and for all.The basis of ensuring the sustainable and stable development of the construction benefits is the timely and effective monitoring of the cultivated land quality,including soil fertility,engineering facilities,ecological landscape and so on.Rapid monitoring of farmland quality through satellite and ground sensing technology,such as remote sensing,spectral near-earth detection and microwave detection,is the demand of development,On the basis of system and fully cognizance of integrated quality of cultivated land,combining the review of existing research,building a rapid monitoring system for farmland quality based on integrated quality of cultivated land including conditions and soil properties indicators and corresponding monitoring methods.Verifying the feasibility of detection through experimental and empirical research.On the whole,at present,the technology of satellite and ground sensing can meet the needs of monitoring cultivated land quality related indicators,but the detection precision of some indexes needs to be improved.