Study On Compensation Mechanism In The Main Grain Producing Areas

The overall grain output of our 13 main grain-producing areas accounts for over 75% of out total grain total output with 80%+ commodity grain and 90% transfer volume.Main grain-producing areas are the core of our grain production.However,this economic development situation is not optimistic,such as delayed local economic development,difficulty finance,weak industrial competition,slow-increased farmer income,low compared profit and the insufficient stimulation measures for the farmers.The major grain producing areas has become the key problem areas.Trough the deep investigation,the unbalanced interest is the root due to the benefit loss existed in such areas.The focus on the solution is to establish effective benefit compensation system,coordinate the balanced economic development and steadily increase farmers' income and even ensure the national food safety,which is just the purpose and contents of this study.This paper is based on the relative research at home and abroad,guided by the theories of Externalization,Opportunity Cost and Two-device.system research major grain-producing areas of grain production contribution and the opportunity cost loss,discussed the current problems and food production in major grain producing areas benefit compensation related main body of the contradictions and conflicts of interests,objectively reveals the main grain-producing areas need to establish and improve the interest compensation mechanism,coordination and balance the interests of the subject of food production related relationship,to ensure food security.Firstly,through the case analysis on execution of benefit compensation and status quo in Henan Province,relative problems are revealed Then,taking advantage of Game Theory,analysis on the conflicts between the concerned parties in grain-producing areas is done to further certify the existed unbalance of benefit.Further,starting from the micro the common farmers perspective,the author makes research on the benefit compensation system,offering the micro-data for the later well-constructing of compensation system.Following is the recognition for grain-production externalization,contribution and opportunity cost,which is used to construct compensation system at two levels and retest for the compensation criterion.The last part is the precaution against the possible risks in the course execution with the feasible policies and recommendations.The resulted conclusion are as follows:1,Grain production is of multi-values with the externalities and loss of opportunity cost.Carbons occurs in the course of growing will produce carbon source,it has an important ecological value in maintaining the natural balance.Grain production ensure the national food safety with social value.Both of the above two are non-marketable value with externality.The land for grain production is also of multi-functions.For the farmers,they can adjust the land to growing high-productive cash crops,for the main grain-producing areas,land can be nationalized for higher beneficial industrial and commercial lands,resulting in the loss of opportunity cost for local governments and farmers;Peasant migrant workers increased opportunities and higher income of migrant workers,that is the opportunity cost loss factors of rural labor force.Of the value foundation of these constitute the major grain producing areas of grain production.2,The current major grain-producing areas benefit compensation policy effect,which is not strong and waning.In the grain big province,henan province as an example,the comprehensive situation as major grain-producing areas interest compensation mechanism and compensation effect is evaluated,the evaluation results show:(1)Major grain producing areas of henan province comprehensive evaluation of general interest compensation mechanism,mechanism of the running effect is not ideal,five indicators,in addition to the "compensation supervision" is "good",several other indicators are "generally",and "compensation" relative to the worst,the evaluation result for the "poor";(2)Major grain-producing areas in henan province compensation effect has been a steady rise in overall score,average annual growth rate of 7.5%,that major grain-producing areas in henan province rising interest compensation effect,but improve the speed of falling,weakening the compensation effect.3,There are benefit conflicts between grain-producers concerned such as Central government,local governments,farmers and consumers.Their multi-interest game shows that the non-harmony between the concerned parties causes the finally unbalance of their interest.4,Based on the questionnaires for 566 farms of major grain-producing counties in Henan province,Different farmers demand for interest compensation mechanism are analyzed,and constructing Logistic Pattern is constructed to analyze;the results showed :the Grain yield compared with other benefits,understanding of the compensation policy,the effects of subsidy policy,and for compensation according to the standard evaluation,methods,and significant impact on government credit policy evaluation are significantly influenced.Farmers are the executives of grain production;good evaluation on interest compensation will definitely affect their willingness to produce the grain and even affect the food security.Therefore,construction of benefit compensation in major grain producing areas something should be done to focus on the farmer's interest,such as reasonable choice of compensation method and standard,effective encourage for the farmers various devotion can inspire the farmers' special potential from the quantity and quality perspectives.5,Construction of two-way system for benefit compensation with the core of funds.One is outer compensation by main grain-producing area,mainly overcoming internalization of food safety and ecological benefits.The other is benefit compensation based on the loss of opportunity cost in such areas,overcoming the internalization of opportunity cost loss resulting from multi-functional farmlands.In the two-way benefits compensation system,determine the object and diversified compensation subject fully embodies the "who benefits,compensation" and the principle of "who is damaged,the repayment";The compensation standard measuring the angles fully reflects the major grain producing areas benefit compensation subject food production value and opportunity cost in food production;Diversified compensation mode to a large extent to meet the needs of major grain producing areas changing;Funds as the core to build a top-down level management committee makes compensation mechanism to the effective operation of the low cost;Supervision mechanism and policy Suggestions of effective implementation will provide guarantee for compensation mechanism running efficiency.