Study On Public Goods Supply In Urban Villages

Public goods are the main contents that affect social welfare level.As a basic condition for human life,living public infrastructure is not only the basic component of public goods,but also the minimum constitution condition for housing,restricting the quality of housing population and affecting the social welfare level.The scarcity of living public infrastructure is the basic expression in urban villages,which are characterized by scarcity of public goods.For a long time,the lack of public goods supply is one of reasons for"non-city,non-village" of urban villages,among which,the lack of living public infrastructure is the basic element that leads to the difference in living quality between urban villages and the rest areas of the city,and also increases the living cost of residents in the urban villages.Based on this,this paper took the living public infrastructure as an example to analyze the public goods supply in urban villages.In the process of urbanization,the construction of urban villages which take low-cost residential areas and accommodate a large number of agricultural transfer population,in fact,is the issue of public goods supply,firstly manifested as the supply of living public infrastructure.On this basis,this paper spread out exposition from the perspective of cost benefit:Firstly,from the perspective of living population composition in urban villages,the paper defined the function of urban villages as "low-cost residential area",and pointed out the key differences between urban villages that actually bear the low-cost housing functions and the real sense of low-cost housing,introducing the living public infrastructure.As a concentrated area of low-cost urban housing in the process of urbanization,urban villages with its low rent and payable advantages,accommodate a large low-income population who are mainly agricultural transfer population out of the coverage of urban housing security system,which is the basic embodiment of market as a means of resource allocation.Although the government does not explicitly endow urban villages with this function,the constitution data of permanent population truly reflect this point;however,the public goods supply is facing a serious shortage in urban villages,and the living public infrastructures are not allocated reasonably,with low degree of satisfaction for basic life and poor fitness,so urban villages cannot meet the true sense of low-cost housing properties(payable and adequate).Secondly,the living public infrastructure defined in this paper has basic public goods attributes,costs and benefits of which are significantly different from those of private goods,and at the same time it has also established a cost-benefit analysis framework.In terms of cost,this paper pointed out that the use cost born by users and the opportunity cost born by the nonusers,besides the production cost in economics,should be included in the overall cost considerations.In terms of earnings,producer earnings,user gains,and negative returns are all important parts in the overall income of living public infrastructure.Thirdly,starting from the reality,the author further summarized and combed the dilemma of public goods supply in urban villages,as well as analyzed the negative impact of "reduction in relevant main subjects" and the causes of predicament.Then through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,the paper analyzed the problems of living public infrastructure in Xi'an urban villages so as to further prove the practical difficulties.Fourthly,based on the previous conclusions,the paper proposed the solutions to solve the dilemma of public goods supply in urban villages from the perspective of cost and benefit respectively.Lastly,taking living public facilities as an example,the paper estimated and analyzed on improving the cost and benefit of public goods supply in urban villages,and the results showed that all subject would obtain increased benefits from the improvement of living public infrastructure in urban villages.Therefore,the effective solution of public goods supply in urban villages would both help increase fairness among groups and improve the whole social efficiency,which is an obvious Pareto improvement.