Effect Of Urban Village On The Welfare Of Migrant Workers

Urban village is a unique spatial phenomenon in the process of rapid urbanization in China.While local governments across the country are promoting transformation of urban village,more and more researchers are giving their praises for the existence of urban village.Different views towards its existence have arisen out between government and researchers.Meanwhile,researchers have little research on migrant workers in the urban village.Under the circumstances that concept of "people-oriented" is advocated,conducting correct analysis of urban village’s impact on migrant worker’s welfare will not only help us to deepen understanding for welfare needs of migrant workers,but it will help government to renovate the spatial landscape form in the urban village and continue the social function of urban village.Basing on this status,this essay attempts to find urban village’s impacts on migrant worker’s welfare based on field research and through using lots of statistical data to conduct quantitative analysis.Finally,goals of adjusting current deviation between theory and practice will be reached.This essay is based on perspective of deconstruction.It will deconstruct the urban village into two aspects society and land.Society aspects of urban village will be deconstructed into urban village characteristics of geographical relationship.Land aspects of urban village will be deconstructed into urban village characteristics of built environment.Among which,geographical relationship of urban village characteristics uses dummy variable "Whether there are townsmen groups in the urban village" to quantify geographical relationship.While built environment will be deconstructed into four indexes like mixed degree of land use,availability of public transportation,density of building and distance to the downtown.Meanwhile,welfare of migrant workers will be deconstructed into three aspects like commuting(commuting pattern,commuting distance,commuting time and commuting cost),employment(difficulty level of employment,employment salary and occupation)and living standard(living expenses,belonging of its residence and willingness to find own martial partner in the living community.So that the urban village impact on migrant worker’s welfare will be reflected intuitively.Research methods in this essay are different from qualitative analysis methods that are usually to be taken.Data from field research is being used in this essay besides qualitative.Urban village’s impacts on welfare of migrant workers will be researched through using methods like normative descriptive statistics and quantitative analysis.Finally,intuitional and accurate results will be obtained.This essay analyzes impacts of urban village’s geography characteristic,characteristic of geographical relationship and characteristic of built environment on migrant worker’s commuting,employment and living standard through using double variant Probit model,order Probit model,Tobit model,IVProbit model and IVTobit model.The problems of data left truncation and endogenous problem of the model are resolved through using different kinds of models.Finally,error in the process of model analysis will be reduced.The research findings show that commuting distance and time will be shorten if migrant workers live in the urban village.The geography characteristic of urban village will not help migrant workers to find jobs but it will enhance their belongings.Characteristics of built environment will also have influence on migrant worker’s commuting,employment and belonging.If migrant workers live farther away from downtown,their commuting distance,time and costs will be increased accordingly.The higher of mixed degree of land use where migrant workers live,it will be easier for them to find jobs.The research finding demonstrates that urban village may increase job opportunity and its availability for migrant workers.This finding is different from spatial mismatch of immigrants in Europe and United States.It embodies the unique Chinese characteristics.This research shows that urban village that seems to be isolated is actually helpful to increase job opportunity of migrant workers.There exist many low-skill jobs near the urban village,which will greatly reduce the migrant worker’s distance between factories and their residences.Urban village’s impacts on migrant workers shall be clearly recognized by policymakers while they are formulating policies on management of urban village.Furthermore,it shall be used as guideline to rebuild or renovate urban villages rather than destroy them.Government sectors shall think about formulating better policies and push construction of cheap rental housing for migrant workers and improve mixed utilization of land use to increase job opportunity and availability in the transformed area of urban village.Construction of city public transportation network shall be enhanced to increase more job opportunities for blue-collar workers and migrant workers shall be assisted to establish association of townsmen in the local community.Differernt polices also shall be made in different area.