Comparative Study On The Mode Of Farmland Consolidation Under The Control Of Governance

Farmland consolidation as an important starting point and platform for new urbanization,urban and rural development and rural ecological civilization construction,play an important means in the optimal allocation of land resources,improve agricultural productivity,to ensure national food security and promote the development of agricultural modernization.With the large-scale agricultural land improvement project,farmland renovation mode continues to introduce new ideas,but different models of farmland remediation efficiency there are significant differences.The difference of property right arrangement and organization form in the management of farmland renovation project is the institutional reason for the different efficiency of different modes.However,the current academic research on this problem is lack of systematic and in-depth study.In view of this,this article from the perspective of governance perspective,a comparative study of agricultural land management patterns,revealing different modes of agricultural land remediation project governance nature,efficiency differences and its causes,in order to adapt to local conditions to choose the appropriate agricultural land improvement model,Regulation efficiency and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmers to provide a scientific basis.This paper from the view of governance on the farmland consolidation classification and interpretation,comparative analysis framework from the overall construction,lay the basis of the comparative analysis;secondly,based on the theory of new institutional economics,land remediation governance core--a comparative analysis of property rights,the difference between this with farmland consolidation mode on the arrangement of property rights;thirdly,based on the contract the form of organization governance theory,different modes of farmland consolidation were compared,clarify the low efficiency of farmland consolidation causes;finally,the use of public policy transaction cost measurement method for different farmland remediation mode of transaction cost measurement,and to explore the influencing factors of farmers choose the land remediation mode.Through the analysis,this research gets the following conclusions:(1)Classification and comparison of the mode of farmland consolidation.Although the pattern of farmland consolidation in our country is diversified,it can be classified into two kinds: the government-led mode of "top down" and "bottom up" model of peasants' self governance.Based on the theory of governance,there are differences between the two kinds of farmland consolidation mode of governance body,rights and governance organization,government-led mode tend to hierarchical governance mode,and farmer autonomy pattern conforms to self governance model.(2)The property right arrangement and management logic of farmland consolidation.First,from a legal perspective,the government led farmland consolidation mode,the farmland property rights entity farmers did not have an independent right of land use,land disposal curing,incomplete land usufruct,farmers in farmland consolidation form.In contrast,the farmers' autonomous mode of farmland consolidation,the farmers' land use rights more independent,the land disposal right to reflect,but the land revenue is still to a certain extent subject to government constraints.Second,from the economics perspective,the game of farmland allocation of the residual control results show that the government has more residual control rights share mode in the professional land improvement of enterprises;and the farmer autonomy mode in the farmers enjoy a greater share of residual control rights.The residual control right of farmland consolidation determines the allocation of residual claim,and then determines the ownership of residual income.Therefore,the mode of farmer's self governance is effective to protect the farmers' income.Third,the government led mode of rural land remediation property rights of public areas is wider than the mode of farmers' autonomy,so the former is more than the degree of rent dissipation of the latter.(3)The contract and management organization form of farmland consolidation.First,the government leading common agency problem exists widely in the client mode,resulting in different agricultural land remediation goals common agent behavior tend to strong client(local government)collusion,damage vulnerable client(farmers)interests,reduce the efficiency of farmland consolidation.Second,under the mode of farmers' autonomy,the cooperation between farmers reflects the characteristics of the contractual relationship,the trust and reputation of long-term relationship,and promote the good operation of the contract.(4)There is a gap between the different modes of farmland consolidation and transaction costs.Based on the farmer's angle of view,the transaction cost of the two kinds of farmland regulation mode is measured.The results show that the transaction cost of the farmers' autonomy model is lower than that of the government-led model,and the gap between them is mainly reflected in the management of the project execution,cost of dispute settlement and supervision cost.(5)The influencing factors of farmers' choice of farmland regulation mode.First,the stronger the specificity of the farmland consolidation,the higher the uncertainty,the farmers tend to choose the dominant mode of government;conversely,farmers tend to choose the mode of farmers' autonomy.Second,the factors that affect the transaction cost of farmers' choice of farmland consolidation patterns are economic geography location,farmer's cognition,economic policy and agricultural land scale.Among them,the land asset specificity perspective,economic geography position better,smaller scale of land for farmers autonomous mode,and vice versa for government-led mode;uncertainty perspective,farmland information transparent,farmers enjoy full rights will reduce the uncertainty of peasant land remediation,help to improve the farmers on the land the cognitive remediation,and tend to choose the mode of farmer autonomy.On the contrary,farmers are more willing to choose the government led model.According to the research conclusion,this study makes sevral recommendations: the construction of farmland consolidation mode selection mechanism,improve the farmers' participation in the system;the full rights of farmland to farmers,strengthen government and farmer communication;the transformation of government functions,strengthen the government agency service consciousness;perfecting the social supervision mechanism,strengthen the rural land remediation funds management.