A Study Of The Effects Of China's Export Trade Transformation And Upgrading

Since the new century,China's economic development marches to the transformation and upgrading period,severe challenges emerged,which ascribe from problems like low level production efficiency,labor supply shortage,income distribution inequality.Promotion of productivity,contraction of income gap,and alleviation of hazards as to demographic dividend's disappearing,come into realistic essences indeed.In the transformation and upgrading period,optimization of export trade structure,upgrading of productivity and global value chain position are the pivotal measures that push the transformation and upgrading of China's export trade ahead.But considering the new trends,characteristics and demands in the transformation and upgrading period,will this transformation and upgrading of export trade be conducive to the solution of new challenges and boost China's economy continually?The discussion of this topic is core of China's further economic development.In view of this,this paper first combs and exams the challenges in economic development and stylized facts in response during the transformation and upgrading.Then,under the framework of global value chain theory and new new trade theory,from micro-firm level,heterogeneous firm mode is employed to theoretically analyze and empirically exam the impact of export trade transformation and upgrading to find out whether it benefits China's economy in the transformation and upgrading period.Finally,rapid developments of information and communication technology is chosen to discuss its influences on transformation and upgrading,and through this way,new enhancing routes are further explored within the transformation and upgrading process.This article contains eight chapters.Chapter 1 is the introduction.It introduces the background,research purpose,research significance,research methods,innovation and limitations of this article.Chapter 2 is literature review.It reviews and summarizes the relevant research literatures of this article,such as those researches about the economic effect of export trade,the transformation and upgrading of China's export trade,China's economy in the transformation and upgrading period.Chapter 3 surveys the challenges faced by China's economic development in the transformation and upgrading period,from the aspects of the present situation of economic efficiency,labor supply and demand,China's income distribution,etc.This chapter also investigates the typical facts of transformation and upgrading of China's export trade,from the aspects of enterprise export structure optimization,productivity improvement,global value chain position promotion etc.Chapter 4 begins the research from the demand to improve quality and effectiveness in the new economy.It deeply discusses the impact of global value chain upgradation and export structure optimization on export firm's productivity.Chapter 5 considers the firms' differences of factor costs,export scale and global value chain position.It expands a heterogeneous firm model to carry on theoretical analysis and experience test of the concrete mechanisms how China's export trade transformation and upgrading affects employment demand.Based on expansion of the heterogeneous firm model,Chapter 6 discusses how the export structure optimization,productivity improvement and global value chain position promotion affect the wage differentials.Chapter 7 focuses on the impact of the information and communication technology rapid development on the improvement of productivity and global value chain position.It discusses how to enhance the economic effect of transformation and upgrading of export trade,and seek help to deal with the challenges faced by China's economic development.Chapter 8 shows the main conclusions and revelations of this article.It also prospects the future research direction.In this article,the study finds that:(1)China's export trade transformation and upgrading reflects the typical fact in the micro-enterprise level,that the proportion of general trade export increases,and the productivity and global value chain position is improved.(2)The increasing of general trade exports proportion and global value chain position have significant positive effects on productivity gains,which can promote the export firms productivity improvement and benefit the economic development with improving quality and efficiency.(3)The increasing of general trade exports proportion,productivity and global value chain position have a significant negative impact on the export firms' employment demand.It shows that the export trade transformation and upgrading can reduce the export firms'employment demand,which help to alleviate the shortage of labor supply and the disappearance of demographic dividends.(4)Empirical evidences show that,productivity gains and global value chain position enhancements have a positive impact on firms' wage levels,while the increase of general trade exports proportion has a negative impact on firms' wage levels.The simulation results show that,as productivity gains,global value chain position promotes and the general trade exports proportion increases,the export firms' wage levels will increase while the export firms' wage variance will reduce.It indicates that the transformation and upgrading of export trade can enhance the wage level and narrow the wage differentials.(5)The development of information and communication technology can not only directly promote the improvement of firms' productivity,but also promote firms' productivity improvement through R&D,export and foreign capital participation activities.And it can also promote the upgrading of firms,global value chain.Therefore,the development of information and communication technology has a positive impact on export trade transformation and upgrading,which is a feasible way to enhance the economic effects of export trade transformation and upgrading.Possible innovations in this article are:(1)Considering the new trends,new features and new demands of China's economic development,this paper deeply analyzes the influences of the transformation and upgrading of export trade on the economy's quality and effectiveness improvements,which make the research perspective more fit the economy's new characteristics.(2)By introducing several firm's heterogeneities,such as factor costs,export scale,global value chain position,into the heterogeneous firm model,expanding the heterogeneity characteristics of export firm,it builds a micro analysis framework to analyze the economic influences of the export trade transformation and upgrading.(3)Through theoretical analysis and empirical tests,this article gives a more comprehensive micro level analysis on the influences of the export trade transformation and upgrading,which not only points out the mechanism on theoretical logic level,but also finds out the empirical evidence on real data level.