Research On The Economic Effects And Spatial Differentiation Of China's Tourism Policy

At present,China’ s economy has entered into a period of new normal and the supply-side structural reform is with the extreme urgency.At the same time,the domestic tourism demands raise extraordinarily fast and the new demands have been emerging continually.As a strategic pillar industry,the tourism industry enters into a golden age of development.But meanwhile,the problems and the contradictions have been increasing rapidly.Under such circumstances,market mechanism could spontaneously adjust tourism market’s supply,however,the government has to adjust tourism policies according to market requirement.Although a lot of researches of tourism policy have been done,the profundity is far from enough and the research methods appear to be simplex.This thesis takes Chinese tourism policies as research object,studies the spatial differentiations of tourism policy economic effects.The study tries to help the government to make tourism policies scientifically and allocate tourism polices efficiently.It has important theoretical significance and practical value in optimizing the tourism production factors’ spatial layout,improving regional economic structure and promoting tourism development healthily,sustainably and evenly.This study follows the research idea of "Phenomenon-Analysis-Law" and under the support of CNTA project(KBI14001531),it systematically reviews the domestic and foreign researches on tourism policy and policy’s spatial differences.In this thesis,the effectiveness and economic effects’ spatial differentiations of tourism policies in China are studied based on the theories of production function,unbalanced development and policy effectsiveness.On the one hand,tourism policy evaluation model is constructed in virtue of the extensive production function to measure the policy effects,the economic effects are judged after applying the tourism policies by using"projection-after-implementation" comparative analysis,and the effectiveness of tourism policy is verified.Based on 31 provincial tourism development data,the theoretical framework is tested empirically,and the important role that tourism policies played during the process of promoting tourism development is analyzed.On the other hand,it analyzes the economic effects’ spatial differentiations of tourism policies and their temporal and spatial evolution law by using geography spatial statistical methods.With the help of ESDA-GIS method,two types of tourism policy effects’ spatial distribution,spatial connection and spatial characteristics have been displayed.Comprehensively considering the factors of income and leisure time,the study divides research stage into two parts by the year 2000,and then analyzes the spatial differentiation characteristics and temporal and spatial evolution law.It judges two types of tourism policy effects in different development stages and proposes future tourism policy configuration recommendations.This research provides theoretical basis and reference for tourism policy making and allocating according to local tourism development conditions.Through above analysis,the following conclusions can be drawn:(1)The tourism policies within the research are effective in promoting tourism development and institutional policies are more effective than regulatory tourism policies.Institutional tourism policies decide the development direction of tourism from the perspective of macrocosm,and regulatory tourism policies solve the problems of reality in the development from the perspective of microcosm.(2)The same tourism policies have different effects in different space.In general,two types of policies show the strongest effects in the eastern region,and the weakest effects on the central region.The variables’ elasticity coefficients of both institutional tourism policies and regulatory tourism policies are positive in 31 provinces.But the variables’ elasticity coefficients of both policies have different sizes,it shows that the same tourism policy could have different effects in different space.(3)These two policies have no such relationship as global spatial autocorrelation,it shows that different areas need different tourism policies.Institutional tourism policies’ responses of the resource-rich areas are more positive,regulatory tourism policies’ responses of the economically developed regions are more positive.The government should formulate and implement differentiated tourism policies according to local actual development,so as to enhance the quality of tourism development.(4)Two types of tourism policies have different effects in two stages of development.In general,institutional policies and regulatory policies in the second stage are more effective than those in the first stage,so tourism policies should be made according to the market rules.Unified tourism policy has different effects in different space.The influence of regional variations should be faced up to in tourism development.Especially,in the different stages of development,we must pay attention to the positive interaction of tourism policies and national tourism demands,and tourism policies should be made according to market changes.The innovations of this study are as follows:(1)From a quantitative point of view,it analyzes the economic effects of tourism policies,thus,single and one-sided qualitative evaluation of tourism policy effects could be avoided,the research conclusion could be more scientific and reliable.Accurate quantitative relations between tourism policies and tourism economy development have been demonstrated and unique research perspective in the research of tourism policy has innovative significance.(2)Tourism policy evaluation model has been constructed in order that the tourism policy effects could be measured.By using collected data and related measurement methods,the thesis analyzes and explains the calculation results scientifically,detects the actual efficiency of tourism policies and meanwhile,the insufficiency of tourism policy theoretical research is made up.(3)From the geography perspective,the analysis of the spatial differentiations and their temporal and spatial evolution law of tourism policies’ economic effects and the judge whether the national unified tourism policies’ economic effects are the same,is beneficial to formulate targeted and efficient tourism policies,guide optimal allocation of tourism production factors and promote the status of the tourism industry.