| Wireless sensor networks with transmit-only nodes can effectively minimize the overall system cost(deployment, operation, maintenance, and abolishment) and power consumption. But transmit-only nodes cannot perform carrier sensing and cannot be synchronized. This paper analyzes the current research situation of the wireless sensor networks with transmit-only nodes that focus on the media access layer control protocols and network layer protocols, and tries to make research on the anti-collision problem, compressive sensing model, multi-channel operation and the cluster load balancing problem.The main works are accomplished in this dissertation as follows:(1) An Identity number Based Blink Interval Generating Algorithm(IBBIGA) is proposed. The IBBIGA makes full use of the uniqueness of the node identification code, to calculate a set of specific blink intervals for each node, in order to avoid the continuous collisions. Through simulation analysis, compared with the blink interval generation method used in ALOHA protocol and INCTITS371.1 protocol, IBBIGA has a lower omission rate.(2) The application of Compressive Sensing(CS) in the aggregation of transmit-only nodes is discussed, and the mathematical model of the dual-measurement matrix is proposed. According to the theory of CS, data aggregation will be divided into two steps in out mathematical model, namely acquisition and compression of single node and convergecast of multiple nodes, respectively, with two measurement matrix. At the sink node, the data is reconstructed by the composite measurement matrix which is dual-measurement matrix. Through the simulation experiments, the composite methods of various measurement matrices are analyzed, and the corresponding reconstruction errors are compared.(3) A multi-channel MAC protocol(MCTO-MAC) which is deployed in multi-hop sensor networks with transmit-only nodes is designed. MCTO-MAC based on the Contiki MAC protocol is to improve the use of multi-channel mechanism. The standard nodes were placed into two different channels to work. The transmit-only nodes transmit at the time interval according to the pseudo random number, and the random number seed is included in each frame. Standard nodes responsible for receiving the data and forwarding the data to the sink node. By comparing with the simulation platform based on Contiki system, the MCTO-MAC protocol can effectively reduce the mutual interference of data and the data quantity of communication without increasing the network energy consumption.(4) A heuristic cluster head load balancing algorithm(LBC-TO) is proposed. In order to solve the problem of energy consumption of cluster head nodes in wireless sensor networks with transmit-only nodes. We put forward the concept of input and output data compression ratio, the mathematical model is established, and load balancing condition between adjacent cluster head node is derived. Through simulation experiment and compared with other clustering algorithms, the algorithm LBC-TO can effectively prolong the network lifetime of the hybrid networks.(5) Focusing on the hydraulic props and aiming at the working environment of underground mining working face, the design and implementation of the hydraulic support pressure detecting system based on the wireless sensor network is introduced. Through this system, the performance of IBBIGA protocol is tested in a single hop network. The actual working effects of MCTO-MAC protocol and LBC-TO protocol are tested in full scale mining working face network. The experimental results verify that the protocols meet the design goals. |
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